महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-270, verse-17

तेऽभिपत्य पुरं भग्ना हतशेषा निशाचराः ।
सर्वं राज्ञे यथावृत्तं रावणाय न्यवेदयन् ॥१७॥

17. te'bhipatya puraṁ bhagnā hataśeṣā niśācarāḥ ,
sarvaṁ rājñe yathāvṛttaṁ rāvaṇāya nyavedayan.

17. te abhipatya puram bhagnāḥ hataśeṣāḥ niśācarāḥ
sarvam rājñe yathāvṛttam rāvaṇāya nyavedayan

17. Having retreated into the city, those defeated rākṣasa survivors reported everything that had transpired to King Rāvaṇa.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - those (rākṣasas) (they, those)

• अभिपत्य (abhipatya) - having retreated into (having rushed towards, having attacked, having fallen upon)

• पुरम् (puram) - the city (city, town, stronghold)

• भग्नाः (bhagnāḥ) - defeated (broken, shattered, defeated)

• हतशेषाः (hataśeṣāḥ) - survivors (survivors, those remaining after being killed)

• निशाचराः (niśācarāḥ) - rākṣasas (night-wanderers, rākṣasas)

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - everything (all, every, whole, entire)

• राज्ञे (rājñe) - to King (to the king)

• यथावृत्तम् (yathāvṛttam) - everything that had transpired (as it happened, according to what occurred, the full account)

• रावणाय (rāvaṇāya) - to Rāvaṇa

• न्यवेदयन् (nyavedayan) - they reported (they reported, they informed)

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - those (rākṣasas) (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अभिपत्य (abhipatya) - having retreated into (having rushed towards, having attacked, having fallen upon)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Formed from root 'pat' (to fall, go) with prefix 'abhi' and suffix '-ya'

Prefix: abhi

Root: pat (class 1)

पुरम् (puram) - the city (city, town, stronghold)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pura

pura - city, town, fortress, capital

भग्नाः (bhagnāḥ) - defeated (broken, shattered, defeated)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhagna

bhagna - broken, shattered, defeated

Past Passive Participle

From root 'bhañj' (to break)

Root: bhañj (class 7)

हतशेषाः (hataśeṣāḥ) - survivors (survivors, those remaining after being killed)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hataśeṣa

hataśeṣa - survivors, those remaining after being killed

Compound type : tatpurusha (hata+śeṣa)

• hata – killed, slain, struck
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'han' (to strike, kill)
  Root: han (class 2)
• śeṣa – remainder, rest, survivor
  noun (masculine)

निशाचराः (niśācarāḥ) - rākṣasas (night-wanderers, rākṣasas)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of niśācara

niśācara - night-wanderer, demon, rākṣasa

Compound type : tatpurusha (niśā+cara)

• niśā – night
  noun (feminine)
• cara – moving, wandering, going
  adjective (masculine)
  From root 'car' (to move, wander)
  Root: car (class 1)

सर्वम् (sarvam) - everything (all, every, whole, entire)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

राज्ञे (rājñe) - to King (to the king)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

यथावृत्तम् (yathāvṛttam) - everything that had transpired (as it happened, according to what occurred, the full account)

(indeclinable)

Compound type : avyayibhava (yathā+vṛtta)

• yathā – as, according to, just as
  indeclinable
• vṛtta – occurred, happened, transpired, past event
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'vṛt' (to be, exist, happen)
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Used adverbially here

रावणाय (rāvaṇāya) - to Rāvaṇa

(proper noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa (proper name of the demon king)

न्यवेदयन् (nyavedayan) - they reported (they reported, they informed)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vid

Imperfect (Causal)

Causal form of root 'vid' with prefix 'ni'

Prefix: ni

Root: vid (class 6)

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