महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-270, verse-18

श्रुत्वा तु रावणस्तेभ्यः प्रहस्तं निहतं युधि ।
धूम्राक्षं च महेष्वासं ससैन्यं वानरर्षभैः ॥१८॥

18. śrutvā tu rāvaṇastebhyaḥ prahastaṁ nihataṁ yudhi ,
dhūmrākṣaṁ ca maheṣvāsaṁ sasainyaṁ vānararṣabhaiḥ.

18. śrutvā tu rāvaṇaḥ tebhyaḥ prahastam nihatam yudhi
dhūmrākṣam ca maheṣvāsam sasainyam vānararṣabhaiḥ

18. But when Rāvaṇa heard from them that Prahasta had been killed in battle, and that Dhūmrākṣa, the great archer, along with his army, had also been slain by the foremost of the monkeys...

Words meanings summery:

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard (having heard, having listened)

• तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, however, on the other hand)

• रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Rāvaṇa (Rāvaṇa (proper name of the demon king))

• तेभ्यः (tebhyaḥ) - from them (the rākṣasa survivors) (from them, to them)

• प्रहस्तम् (prahastam) - Prahasta (Prahasta (proper name of a rākṣasa general))

• निहतम् (nihatam) - killed (killed, slain, struck down)

• युधि (yudhi) - in battle (in battle, in war, in conflict)

• धूम्राक्षम् (dhūmrākṣam) - Dhūmrākṣa (Dhūmrākṣa (proper name))

• च (ca) - and also (and, also, moreover)

• महेष्वासम् (maheṣvāsam) - the great archer (great archer, one with a great bow)

• ससैन्यम् (sasainyam) - along with his army (with his army, accompanied by an army)

• वानरर्षभैः (vānararṣabhaiḥ) - by the foremost of the monkeys (by the best of monkeys, by the foremost monkeys)

Words meanings and morphology

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard (having heard, having listened)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Formed from root 'śru' (to hear) with suffix '-tvā'

Root: śru (class 5)

तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, however, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Rāvaṇa (Rāvaṇa (proper name of the demon king))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa (name of the demon king of Laṅkā)

तेभ्यः (tebhyaḥ) - from them (the rākṣasa survivors) (from them, to them)

(pronoun)

Ablative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

प्रहस्तम् (prahastam) - Prahasta (Prahasta (proper name of a rākṣasa general))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prahasta

prahasta - Prahasta (name of a rākṣasa general)

निहतम् (nihatam) - killed (killed, slain, struck down)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nihata

nihata - killed, slain, struck down

Past Passive Participle

From root 'han' (to strike, kill) with prefix 'ni'

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

युधि (yudhi) - in battle (in battle, in war, in conflict)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yudh

yudh - battle, war, fight

धूम्राक्षम् (dhūmrākṣam) - Dhūmrākṣa (Dhūmrākṣa (proper name))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhūmrākṣa

dhūmrākṣa - Dhūmrākṣa (name of a rākṣasa)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dhūmra+akṣa)

• dhūmra – smoke-colored, gray
  adjective (masculine)
• akṣa – eye
  noun (neuter)

च (ca) - and also (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

महेष्वासम् (maheṣvāsam) - the great archer (great archer, one with a great bow)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of maheṣvāsa

maheṣvāsa - great archer, one with a great bow

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+iṣvāsa)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective (feminine)
• iṣvāsa – bow, archer
  noun (masculine)

ससैन्यम् (sasainyam) - along with his army (with his army, accompanied by an army)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sasainya

sasainya - with an army, accompanied by troops

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+sainya)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• sainya – army, host of soldiers
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from 'senā' (army)

Note: Can function adverbially as 'along with his army'

वानरर्षभैः (vānararṣabhaiḥ) - by the foremost of the monkeys (by the best of monkeys, by the foremost monkeys)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vānararṣabha

vānararṣabha - best of monkeys, chief monkey

Compound type : tatpurusha (vānara+ṛṣabha)

• vānara – monkey
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, chief, excellent, best
  noun (masculine)