महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-256, verse-29

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यमाहुरजितं देवं शङ्खचक्रगदाधरम् ।
प्रधानः सोऽस्त्रविदुषां तेन कृष्णेन रक्ष्यते ॥२९॥

29. yamāhurajitaṁ devaṁ śaṅkhacakragadādharam ,
pradhānaḥ so'straviduṣāṁ tena kṛṣṇena rakṣyate.

29. yam āhuḥ ajitam devam śaṅkhacakragadādharam
pradhānaḥ saḥ astraviduṣām tena kṛṣṇena rakṣyate

29. He (Arjuna) is the foremost among those who know weapons. He is protected by that Kṛṣṇa, who is called the unconquered god (ajita deva), the bearer of the conch, discus, and mace.

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

यम् (yam) - whom (Kṛṣṇa) (whom)

आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they call, they declare

अजितम् (ajitam) - unconquered, invincible

देवम् (devam) - god

शङ्खचक्रगदाधरम् (śaṅkhacakragadādharam) - bearer of conch, discus, and mace

प्रधानः (pradhānaḥ) - chief, principal, foremost

सः (saḥ) - he (Arjuna) (he, that)

अस्त्रविदुषाम् (astraviduṣām) - of those who know weapons, among weapon-experts

तेन (tena) - by that (Kṛṣṇa) (by that, by him)

कृष्णेन (kṛṣṇena) - by Kṛṣṇa

रक्ष्यते (rakṣyate) - is protected

Words meanings and morphology

यम् (yam) - whom (Kṛṣṇa) (whom)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

Note: Refers to Kṛṣṇa, object of 'āhuḥ'.

आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they call, they declare

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of ah

Perfect active, 3rd person plural

Irregular perfect form, often used with a present sense.

Root: ah (class 2)

अजितम् (ajitam) - unconquered, invincible

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ajita

ajita - unconquered, invincible, unsubdued

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'ji' (to conquer) with the negative prefix 'a-'.

Prefix: a

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'devam'.

देवम् (devam) - god

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being

Root: div (class 1)

Note: Object of 'āhuḥ'.

शङ्खचक्रगदाधरम् (śaṅkhacakragadādharam) - bearer of conch, discus, and mace

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śaṅkhacakragadādhara

śaṅkhacakragadādhara - one who holds a conch, discus, and mace (epithet of Viṣṇu/Kṛṣṇa)

Compound word.

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (śaṅkha+cakra+gadā+dhara)

śaṅkha – conch-shell
noun (masculine)
cakra – discus, wheel
noun (neuter)
gadā – mace, club
noun (feminine)
dhara – bearer, holder
noun (masculine)
Derived from the root 'dhṛ' (to hold) with the suffix '-a'.
Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'devam'.

प्रधानः (pradhānaḥ) - chief, principal, foremost

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pradhāna

pradhāna - chief, principal, pre-eminent, excellent, important

Derived from the prefix 'pra-' and the root 'dhā' (to place) with suffix '-ana'.

Prefix: pra

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Predicate adjective for Arjuna (implied subject 'saḥ').

सः (saḥ) - he (Arjuna) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject of the clause, referring to Arjuna.

अस्त्रविदुषाम् (astraviduṣām) - of those who know weapons, among weapon-experts

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of astravidvas

astravidvas - knowing weapons, expert in weapons

Derived from a noun and a participle.

Compound of 'astra' (weapon) and 'vidvas' (knowing, from root 'vid').

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (astra+vidvas)

astra – weapon, missile
noun (neuter)
vidvas – knowing, learned, wise
adjective (masculine)
Past Active Participle
From the root 'vid' (to know) with the participle suffix '-vas'.
Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Indicates the group among whom Arjuna is foremost.

तेन (tena) - by that (Kṛṣṇa) (by that, by him)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, those; he, she, it

Note: Refers to Kṛṣṇa, agent of 'rakṣyate'.

कृष्णेन (kṛṣṇena) - by Kṛṣṇa

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kṛṣṇa

kṛṣṇa - Kṛṣṇa (name of a prominent deity and character in the Mahābhārata)

Root: kṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Agent of 'rakṣyate'.