महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-230, verse-5

ततः प्रमथ्य गन्धर्वांस्तद्वनं विविशुर्बलात् ।
सिंहनादेन महता पूरयन्तो दिशो दश ॥५॥

5. tataḥ pramathya gandharvāṁstadvanaṁ viviśurbalāt ,
siṁhanādena mahatā pūrayanto diśo daśa.

5. tataḥ pramathya gandharvān tat vanam viviśuḥ
balāt siṃhanādena mahatā pūrayantaḥ diśaḥ daśa

5. Then, having overwhelmed the Gandharvas, they forcibly entered that forest, filling all ten directions with a mighty lion's roar.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, from that

• प्रमथ्य (pramathya) - having crushed, having overwhelmed, having defeated

• गन्धर्वान् (gandharvān) - the Gandharvas

• तत् (tat) - that

• वनम् (vanam) - forest, wood

• विविशुः (viviśuḥ) - they entered

• बलात् (balāt) - by force, forcibly

• सिंहनादेन (siṁhanādena) - with a lion's roar

• महता (mahatā) - great, mighty

• पूरयन्तः (pūrayantaḥ) - filling, making full

• दिशः (diśaḥ) - the directions

• दश (daśa) - ten

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, from that

(indeclinable)

Adverbial particle.

Note: Temporal adverb.

प्रमथ्य (pramathya) - having crushed, having overwhelmed, having defeated

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root √math (to churn, disturb, crush) with prefix pra and suffix -ya (for prefixed roots).

Prefix: pra

Root: √math (class 1)

गन्धर्वान् (gandharvān) - the Gandharvas

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of gandharva

gandharva - a Gandharva (celestial musician or demigod)

Note: Object of pramathya.

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, it

Demonstrative pronoun stem.

वनम् (vanam) - forest, wood

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

Note: Object of viviśuḥ.

विविशुः (viviśuḥ) - they entered

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of vi + √viś

Perfect Tense, Parasmaipada, 3rd Person Plural

Reduplicated perfect form of √viś with prefix vi.

Prefix: vi

Root: √viś (class 6)

Note: Subject is implied (the dhārtarāṣṭrāḥ and yodhāḥ from previous verse).

बलात् (balāt) - by force, forcibly

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - force, strength, power

Note: Adverbial use.

सिंहनादेन (siṁhanādena) - with a lion's roar

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of siṃhanāda

siṁhanāda - lion's roar, a battle cry

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (siṃha+nāda)

• siṃha – lion
  noun (masculine)
• nāda – sound, roar, cry
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root √nad (to roar, sound).
  Root: √nad (class 1)

Note: Means by which they entered/filled.

महता (mahatā) - great, mighty

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty

पूरयन्तः (pūrayantaḥ) - filling, making full

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pūrayant

pūrayant - filling, making full

Present Active Participle

Causative stem of √pṛ (to fill) / √pūr with suffix -ant.

Root: √pṛ (class 9)

Note: Describes the action concurrent with entering.

दिशः (diśaḥ) - the directions

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of diś

diś - direction, quarter of the sky

Note: Object of pūrayantaḥ.

दश (daśa) - ten

(numeral)