महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-230, verse-10

तान्दृष्ट्वा पततः शीघ्रान्गन्धर्वानुद्यतायुधान् ।
सर्वे ते प्राद्रवन्संख्ये धार्तराष्ट्रस्य पश्यतः ॥१०॥

10. tāndṛṣṭvā patataḥ śīghrāngandharvānudyatāyudhān ,
sarve te prādravansaṁkhye dhārtarāṣṭrasya paśyataḥ.

10. tān dṛṣṭvā patataḥ śīghrān gandharvān udyata-āyudhān
sarve te pra-adravan saṃkhye dhārtarāṣṭrasya paśyataḥ

10. Seeing those Gandharvas swiftly advancing with upraised weapons, all of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's men fled from the battle while Duryodhana (Dhārtarāṣṭra) watched.

10. הם ראו את הגַנְדְהַרְוַה הנופלים עליהם במהירות עם נשק מורם, וכולם נמלטו מהקרב, לעיני בן דְהְרְטַרָאשְׁטְרַה.

Words meanings summery:

• तान् (tān) - those

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• पततः (patataḥ) - rushing, falling, advancing

• शीघ्रान् (śīghrān) - swift, quick

• गन्धर्वान् (gandharvān) - Gandharvas (celestial musicians)

• उद्यत-आयुधान् (udyata-āyudhān) - with upraised weapons

• सर्वे (sarve) - all

• ते (te) - they

• प्र-अद्रवन् (pra-adravan) - fled, ran away

• संख्ये (saṁkhye) - in battle, in conflict

• धार्तराष्ट्रस्य (dhārtarāṣṭrasya) - Duryodhana (of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's son, of Duryodhana)

• पश्यतः (paśyataḥ) - while watching, while seeing

Words meanings and morphology

तान् (tān) - those

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

absolutive

formed from root dṛś with suffix -tvā

Root: dṛś (class 1)

पततः (patataḥ) - rushing, falling, advancing

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of patat

patat - falling, rushing, flying

present active participle

formed from root pat with śatṛ suffix

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'gandharvān'.

शीघ्रान् (śīghrān) - swift, quick

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śīghra

śīghra - swift, quick, speedy

Note: Qualifies 'gandharvān'.

गन्धर्वान् (gandharvān) - Gandharvas (celestial musicians)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of gandharva

gandharva - Gandharva, a celestial musician or spirit

उद्यत-आयुधान् (udyata-āyudhān) - with upraised weapons

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of udyatāyudha

udyatāyudha - having upraised weapons

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (udyata+āyudha)

• udyata – upraised, lifted
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  formed from root yam with prefix ud
  Prefix: ud
  Root: yam (class 1)
• āyudha – weapon, implement
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'gandharvān'.

सर्वे (sarve) - all

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, whole, every

Note: Refers to Dhārtarāṣṭras.

ते (te) - they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Corresponds to 'sarve'.

प्र-अद्रवन् (pra-adravan) - fled, ran away

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of dru

Imperfect 3rd plural

Prefix: pra

Root: dru (class 1)

संख्ये (saṁkhye) - in battle, in conflict

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of saṃkhya

saṁkhya - battle, war, conflict

धार्तराष्ट्रस्य (dhārtarāṣṭrasya) - Duryodhana (of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's son, of Duryodhana)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dhārtarāṣṭra

dhārtarāṣṭra - son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra; Duryodhana; referring to the Kauravas

patronymic from Dhṛtarāṣṭra

Note: Refers to Duryodhana.

पश्यतः (paśyataḥ) - while watching, while seeing

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of paśyat

paśyat - seeing, watching

present active participle

formed from root dṛś (with paśyādeśa) with śatṛ suffix

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'dhārtarāṣṭrasya'.

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