महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-230, verse-10

तान्दृष्ट्वा पततः शीघ्रान्गन्धर्वानुद्यतायुधान् ।
सर्वे ते प्राद्रवन्संख्ये धार्तराष्ट्रस्य पश्यतः ॥१०॥

10. tāndṛṣṭvā patataḥ śīghrāngandharvānudyatāyudhān ,
sarve te prādravansaṁkhye dhārtarāṣṭrasya paśyataḥ.

10. tān dṛṣṭvā patataḥ śīghrān gandharvān udyata-āyudhān
sarve te pra-adravan saṃkhye dhārtarāṣṭrasya paśyataḥ

10. Seeing those Gandharvas swiftly advancing with upraised weapons, all of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's men fled from the battle while Duryodhana (Dhārtarāṣṭra) watched.

Words meanings summery:

• तान् (tān) - those

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• पततः (patataḥ) - rushing, falling, advancing

• शीघ्रान् (śīghrān) - swift, quick

• गन्धर्वान् (gandharvān) - Gandharvas (celestial musicians)

• उद्यत-आयुधान् (udyata-āyudhān) - with upraised weapons

• सर्वे (sarve) - all

• ते (te) - they

• प्र-अद्रवन् (pra-adravan) - fled, ran away

• संख्ये (saṁkhye) - in battle, in conflict

• धार्तराष्ट्रस्य (dhārtarāṣṭrasya) - Duryodhana (of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's son, of Duryodhana)

• पश्यतः (paśyataḥ) - while watching, while seeing

Words meanings and morphology

तान् (tān) - those

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

absolutive

formed from root dṛś with suffix -tvā

Root: dṛś (class 1)

पततः (patataḥ) - rushing, falling, advancing

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of patat

patat - falling, rushing, flying

present active participle

formed from root pat with śatṛ suffix

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'gandharvān'.

शीघ्रान् (śīghrān) - swift, quick

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śīghra

śīghra - swift, quick, speedy

Note: Qualifies 'gandharvān'.

गन्धर्वान् (gandharvān) - Gandharvas (celestial musicians)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of gandharva

gandharva - Gandharva, a celestial musician or spirit

उद्यत-आयुधान् (udyata-āyudhān) - with upraised weapons

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of udyatāyudha

udyatāyudha - having upraised weapons

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (udyata+āyudha)

• udyata – upraised, lifted
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  formed from root yam with prefix ud
  Prefix: ud
  Root: yam (class 1)
• āyudha – weapon, implement
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'gandharvān'.

सर्वे (sarve) - all

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, whole, every

Note: Refers to Dhārtarāṣṭras.

ते (te) - they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Corresponds to 'sarve'.

प्र-अद्रवन् (pra-adravan) - fled, ran away

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of dru

Imperfect 3rd plural

Prefix: pra

Root: dru (class 1)

संख्ये (saṁkhye) - in battle, in conflict

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of saṃkhya

saṁkhya - battle, war, conflict

धार्तराष्ट्रस्य (dhārtarāṣṭrasya) - Duryodhana (of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's son, of Duryodhana)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dhārtarāṣṭra

dhārtarāṣṭra - son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra; Duryodhana; referring to the Kauravas

patronymic from Dhṛtarāṣṭra

Note: Refers to Duryodhana.

पश्यतः (paśyataḥ) - while watching, while seeing

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of paśyat

paśyat - seeing, watching

present active participle

formed from root dṛś (with paśyādeśa) with śatṛ suffix

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'dhārtarāṣṭrasya'.