महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-230, verse-16

गन्धर्वभूता पृथिवी क्षणेन समपद्यत ।
आपतद्भिर्महावेगैश्चित्रसेनस्य सैनिकैः ॥१६॥

16. gandharvabhūtā pṛthivī kṣaṇena samapadyata ,
āpatadbhirmahāvegaiścitrasenasya sainikaiḥ.

16. gandharvabhūtā pṛthivī kṣaṇena samapadyata
āpatadbhiḥ mahāvegaiḥ citrasenasya sainikaiḥ

16. In an instant, the earth became full of Gandharvas, with Citrasena's incredibly swift soldiers who were falling upon (the enemy).

Words meanings summery:

• गन्धर्वभूता (gandharvabhūtā) - having become Gandharvas, filled with Gandharvas

• पृथिवी (pṛthivī) - the earth, ground

• क्षणेन (kṣaṇena) - in a moment, instantly

• समपद्यत (samapadyata) - became, occurred, was filled with

• आपतद्भिः (āpatadbhiḥ) - by those attacking, by those falling upon

• महावेगैः (mahāvegaiḥ) - by the greatly swift, by the very fast

• चित्रसेनस्य (citrasenasya) - of Citrasena

• सैनिकैः (sainikaiḥ) - by the soldiers, by the warriors

Words meanings and morphology

गन्धर्वभूता (gandharvabhūtā) - having become Gandharvas, filled with Gandharvas

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of gandharvabhūta

gandharvabhūta - having become or transformed into a Gandharva

Compound of `gandharva` and `bhūta` (past passive participle of √bhū, 'become').

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gandharva+bhūta)

• gandharva – a Gandharva (celestial musician/demigod)
  proper noun (masculine)
• bhūta – become, happened, being
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √bhū (to be, to become).
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'pṛthivī'.

पृथिवी (pṛthivī) - the earth, ground

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of pṛthivī

pṛthivī - earth, ground, land

Note: Subject of 'samapadyata'.

क्षणेन (kṣaṇena) - in a moment, instantly

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kṣaṇa

kṣaṇa - moment, instant, short time

समपद्यत (samapadyata) - became, occurred, was filled with

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of sam-√pad

Imperfect

Imperfect (laṅ) form of √pad with prefix sam-. Middle voice.

Prefix: sam

Root: pad (class 4)

आपतद्भिः (āpatadbhiḥ) - by those attacking, by those falling upon

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of āpatat

āpatat - falling upon, attacking, approaching

Present Active Participle

From root √pat (to fall) with prefix ā-, present active participle.

Prefix: ā

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'sainikaiḥ'.

महावेगैः (mahāvegaiḥ) - by the greatly swift, by the very fast

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mahāvega

mahāvega - of great speed, very swift, exceedingly rapid

Compound of `mahā` (great) and `vega` (speed).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+vega)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
  From mahat.
• vega – speed, velocity, force
  noun (masculine)
  From √vij (to move swiftly).
  Root: vij

Note: Qualifies 'sainikaiḥ'.

चित्रसेनस्य (citrasenasya) - of Citrasena

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of citrasena

citrasena - Citrasena (name of a Gandharva king)

सैनिकैः (sainikaiḥ) - by the soldiers, by the warriors

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sainika

sainika - soldier, warrior, belonging to an army

Derived from `senā` (army).

Note: Agent of filling the earth.