महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-230, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
ततस्ते सहिताः सर्वे दुर्योधनमुपागमन् ।
अब्रुवंश्च महाराज यदूचुः कौरवं प्रति ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
tataste sahitāḥ sarve duryodhanamupāgaman ,
abruvaṁśca mahārāja yadūcuḥ kauravaṁ prati.

1. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca tataḥ te sahitāḥ sarve duryodhanam
upāgaman abruvan ca mahārāja yat ūcuḥ kauravam prati

1. Vaiśampāyana said: Then all of them, having assembled, approached Duryodhana. And they reported, O great king, what had been said by the Gandharvas concerning the Kaurava (Duryodhana).

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana (name of a sage)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

• ते (te) - the king's army leaders (from previous verse) (they)

• सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - assembled, accompanied, united

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

• दुर्योधनम् (duryodhanam) - Duryodhana (name of the eldest Kaurava prince)

• उपागमन् (upāgaman) - they approached

• अब्रुवन् (abruvan) - they said, they spoke

• च (ca) - and

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O King Janamejaya (addressed by Vaiśampāyana) (O great king)

• यत् (yat) - what, that which

• ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - (what the Gandharvas) had said (they said, they spoke)

• कौरवम् (kauravam) - concerning Duryodhana (to the Kuru, concerning the Kuru)

• प्रति (prati) - towards, concerning, regarding

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana (name of a sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - name of a sage, disciple of Vyāsa and narrator of the Mahābhārata to Janamejaya

Note: Subject of `uvāca`.

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Root `vac` takes reduplication in perfect.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - the king's army leaders (from previous verse) (they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to `senāgrayāyinaḥ` from the previous verse.

सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - assembled, accompanied, united

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sahita

sahita - accompanied, united, collected, assembled

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root sah (to bear, endure) or from sa + hita (put together)

Prefix: sa

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Adjective modifying `te`.

सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Modifies `te`.

दुर्योधनम् (duryodhanam) - Duryodhana (name of the eldest Kaurava prince)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (a name meaning 'difficult to conquer' or 'evil warrior')

Prefix: dur

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Object of `upāgaman`.

उपागमन् (upāgaman) - they approached

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of upā-gam

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Formed with augment `a` at the beginning of the verbal base, which combines with `upa`+`ā` = `upā`.

अब्रुवन् (abruvan) - they said, they spoke

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Root `brū` conjugated in the imperfect.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the two main verbs `upāgaman` and `abruvan`.

महाराज (mahārāja) - O King Janamejaya (addressed by Vaiśampāyana) (O great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārājan

mahārājan - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (maha+rājan)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

यत् (yat) - what, that which

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, that

Note: Object of `ūcuḥ`.

ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - (what the Gandharvas) had said (they said, they spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Refers to the Gandharvas who spoke in the previous verses.

कौरवम् (kauravam) - concerning Duryodhana (to the Kuru, concerning the Kuru)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kaurava

kaurava - descendant of Kuru; belonging to the Kurus

Derived from Kuru with suffix -a

Note: Object of `prati`.

प्रति (prati) - towards, concerning, regarding

(indeclinable)