महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-230, verse-17

अथ दुर्योधनो राजा शकुनिश्चापि सौबलः ।
दुःशासनो विकर्णश्च ये चान्ये धृतराष्ट्रजाः ।
न्यहनंस्तत्तदा सैन्यं रथैर्गरुडनिस्वनैः ॥१७॥

17. atha duryodhano rājā śakuniścāpi saubalaḥ ,
duḥśāsano vikarṇaśca ye cānye dhṛtarāṣṭrajāḥ ,
nyahanaṁstattadā sainyaṁ rathairgaruḍanisvanaiḥ.

17. atha duryodhanaḥ rājā śakuniḥ ca api
saubalaḥ duḥśāsanaḥ vikarṇaḥ ca ye
ca anye dhṛtarāṣṭrajāḥ nyahanan tat
tadā sainyam rathaiḥ garuḍanisvanaiḥ

17. Then King Duryodhana, along with Shakuni (son of Subala), Duḥśāsana, Vikarṇa, and other sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, then struck down that army with their chariots, which roared like Garuḍa.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, now, and

• दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana

• राजा (rājā) - king

• शकुनिः (śakuniḥ) - Shakuni

• च (ca) - and

• अपि (api) - also, even

• सौबलः (saubalaḥ) - Shakuni (son of Subala) (son of Subala)

• दुःशासनः (duḥśāsanaḥ) - Duḥśāsana

• विकर्णः (vikarṇaḥ) - Vikarṇa

• च (ca) - and

• ये (ye) - who, those who

• च (ca) - and

• अन्ये (anye) - other, others

• धृतराष्ट्रजाः (dhṛtarāṣṭrajāḥ) - sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, born of Dhṛtarāṣṭra

• न्यहनन् (nyahanan) - they struck down, they slew

• तत् (tat) - that

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army, host

• रथैः (rathaiḥ) - with chariots

• गरुडनिस्वनैः (garuḍanisvanaiḥ) - with sounds like Garuḍa, with roars like Garuḍa

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, now, and

(indeclinable)

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (name of the eldest Kaurava)

Compound of `dur` (bad, difficult) and `yodhana` (fighter).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dur+yodhana)

• dur – bad, difficult, ill
  indeclinable
• yodhana – fighter, warrior
  noun (masculine)
  From √yudh (to fight).
  Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'nyahanan'.

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Appositive to Duryodhana.

शकुनिः (śakuniḥ) - Shakuni

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śakuni

śakuni - Shakuni (name of the maternal uncle of Duryodhana)

Note: Subject of 'nyahanan'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

Particle.

सौबलः (saubalaḥ) - Shakuni (son of Subala) (son of Subala)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saubala

saubala - son of Subala (a patronymic for Shakuni)

Derivative from Subala, indicating 'son of Subala'.

Note: Appositive to Shakuni.

दुःशासनः (duḥśāsanaḥ) - Duḥśāsana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duḥśāsana

duḥśāsana - Duḥśāsana (name of a Kaurava prince)

Compound of `dus` (bad) and `śāsana` (ruler, command).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dus+śāsana)

• dus – bad, difficult, evil
  indeclinable
• śāsana – ruler, command, discipline
  noun (masculine)
  From √śās (to rule, command).
  Root: śās (class 2)

Note: Subject of 'nyahanan'.

विकर्णः (vikarṇaḥ) - Vikarṇa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vikarṇa

vikarṇa - Vikarṇa (name of a Kaurava prince)

Compound of `vi` (apart) and `karṇa` (ear).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+karṇa)

• vi – apart, distinct, without
  indeclinable
• karṇa – ear
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of 'nyahanan'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

ये (ye) - who, those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, that (relative pronoun)

Note: Refers to other sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Connects 'ye' with 'anye'.

अन्ये (anye) - other, others

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, different

Note: Qualifies 'dhṛtarāṣṭrajāḥ'.

धृतराष्ट्रजाः (dhṛtarāṣṭrajāḥ) - sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, born of Dhṛtarāṣṭra

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dhṛtarāṣṭraja

dhṛtarāṣṭraja - born of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (referring to the Kauravas)

Compound of `dhṛtarāṣṭra` and `ja` (born).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dhṛtarāṣṭra+ja)

• dhṛtarāṣṭra – Dhṛtarāṣṭra (name of the blind king)
  proper noun (masculine)
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective (masculine)
  From root √jan (to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'nyahanan'.

न्यहनन् (nyahanan) - they struck down, they slew

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of ni-√han

Imperfect

Imperfect (laṅ) form of √han with prefix ni-.

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Action of the multiple subjects.

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this

Note: Qualifies 'sainyam'.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Adverb of time.

Note: Temporal adverb.

सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army, host

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sainya

sainya - army, host, military

Derived from `senā` (army).

Note: Object of 'nyahanan'.

रथैः (rathaiḥ) - with chariots

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ratha

ratha - chariot

Note: Instrument for striking down the army.

गरुडनिस्वनैः (garuḍanisvanaiḥ) - with sounds like Garuḍa, with roars like Garuḍa

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of garuḍanisvana

garuḍanisvana - having the sound or roar of Garuḍa

Compound of `garuḍa` (divine eagle) and `nisvana` (sound, roar).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (garuḍa+nisvana)

• garuḍa – Garuḍa (a mythical bird, king of birds, vehicle of Viṣṇu)
  proper noun (masculine)
• nisvana – sound, roar, cry, noise
  noun (masculine)
  From prefix `nis` and root √svan (to sound).
  Prefix: nis
  Root: svan (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'rathaiḥ'.