महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-228, verse-22

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
एवमुक्तः शकुनिना धृतराष्ट्रो जनेश्वरः ।
दुर्योधनं सहामात्यमनुजज्ञे न कामतः ॥२२॥

22. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
evamuktaḥ śakuninā dhṛtarāṣṭro janeśvaraḥ ,
duryodhanaṁ sahāmātyamanujajñe na kāmataḥ.

22. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca evam uktaḥ śakuninā dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ
janeśvaraḥ duryodhanam sahāmātyam anujajñe na kāmataḥ

22. Vaiśampaayana said: Thus addressed by Shakuni, Dhritarashtra, the lord of men, granted permission to Duryodhana, who was accompanied by his ministers, though not of his own accord.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampaayana (a sage, narrator of the Mahabharata)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken, addressed, said

• शकुनिना (śakuninā) - by Shakuni

• धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhritarashtra (name of the blind king, father of Duryodhana)

• जनेश्वरः (janeśvaraḥ) - lord of men, king

• दुर्योधनम् (duryodhanam) - Duryodhana (son of Dhritarashtra)

• सहामात्यम् (sahāmātyam) - accompanied by ministers, with his ministers

• अनुजज्ञे (anujajñe) - he permitted, he allowed, he consented

• न (na) - not

• कामतः (kāmataḥ) - willingly, intentionally, from desire

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampaayana (a sage, narrator of the Mahabharata)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśampaayana (name of a sage and narrator)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Irregular perfect tense form of root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken, addressed, said

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, told, uttered

Past Passive Participle

From root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

शकुनिना (śakuninā) - by Shakuni

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śakuni

śakuni - Shakuni (name of a character, maternal uncle of Duryodhana)

Note: Agent of the passive participle uktaḥ.

धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhritarashtra (name of the blind king, father of Duryodhana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhritarashtra (name of the Kuru king)

Compound dhṛta (held) + rāṣṭra (kingdom)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dhṛta+rāṣṭra)

• dhṛta – held, borne, supported
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root dhṛ
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• rāṣṭra – kingdom, realm, country
  noun (neuter)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

जनेश्वरः (janeśvaraḥ) - lord of men, king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of janeśvara

janeśvara - lord of men, king, ruler, sovereign

Compound jana (men) + īśvara (lord)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jana+īśvara)

• jana – people, man
  noun (masculine)
  Root: jan (class 4)
• īśvara – lord, master, ruler, god
  noun (masculine)
  From root īś (to rule, to be master of)
  Root: īś (class 2)

Note: In apposition to Dhritarashtra.

दुर्योधनम् (duryodhanam) - Duryodhana (son of Dhritarashtra)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (name of the eldest Kaurava prince)

Compound dur (bad, difficult) + yodhana (fighter)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dur+yodhana)

• dur – bad, difficult, evil
  indeclinable
  Prefix
• yodhana – fighter, warrior, fighting
  noun (masculine)
  From root yudh
  Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Object of the verb anujajñe.

सहामात्यम् (sahāmātyam) - accompanied by ministers, with his ministers

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sahāmātya

sahāmātya - accompanied by ministers, with ministers, having ministers

Compound saha (with) + amātya (minister)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (saha+amātya)

• saha – with, together with
  indeclinable
• amātya – minister, counselor
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with duryodhanam.

अनुजज्ञे (anujajñe) - he permitted, he allowed, he consented

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (lit) of anujñā

Perfect Middle

Perfect tense form of root jñā (to know) with anu (after, along)

Prefix: anu

Root: jñā (class 9)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

कामतः (kāmataḥ) - willingly, intentionally, from desire

(indeclinable)

From kāma (desire) + tas (ablative/adverbial suffix)