महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-131, verse-4

एवमभ्यागतस्येह कपोतस्याभयार्थिनः ।
अप्रदाने परोऽधर्मः किं त्वं श्येन प्रपश्यसि ॥४॥

4. evamabhyāgatasyeha kapotasyābhayārthinaḥ ,
apradāne paro'dharmaḥ kiṁ tvaṁ śyena prapaśyasi.

4. evam abhyāgatasya iha kapotasya abhaya-arthinaḥ |
apradāne paraḥ adharmaḥ kim tvam śyena prapaśyasi

4. "When a pigeon has thus arrived here, seeking safety, not granting it protection (apradāne) would be a great transgression against natural law (adharma). What (kim) do you, O hawk (śyena), see (prapaśyasi) in this situation?"

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• अभ्यागतस्य (abhyāgatasya) - of one who has approached/arrived

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• कपोतस्य (kapotasya) - of the pigeon

• अभय-अर्थिनः (abhaya-arthinaḥ) - of one seeking safety/fearlessness

• अप्रदाने (apradāne) - in not giving, in not granting (protection)

• परः (paraḥ) - great, supreme, highest

• अधर्मः (adharmaḥ) - unrighteousness, transgression against natural law

• किम् (kim) - what

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• श्येन (śyena) - O hawk

• प्रपश्यसि (prapaśyasi) - you see, you perceive

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

अभ्यागतस्य (abhyāgatasya) - of one who has approached/arrived

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of abhyāgata

abhyāgata - one who has come, arrived, approached

Past Passive Participle

root `gam` (to go) with prefixes `abhi-ā`

Prefixes: abhi+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

कपोतस्य (kapotasya) - of the pigeon

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kapota

kapota - pigeon, dove

अभय-अर्थिनः (abhaya-arthinaḥ) - of one seeking safety/fearlessness

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of abhaya-arthin

abhaya-arthin - one seeking safety, desiring fearlessness

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (abhaya+arthin)

• abhaya – fearlessness, safety, security
  noun (neuter)
• arthin – desiring, seeking, supplicant
  adjective (masculine)

अप्रदाने (apradāne) - in not giving, in not granting (protection)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of apradāna

apradāna - not giving, not granting

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+pradāna)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• pradāna – giving, granting, offering
  noun (neuter)
  verbal noun
  root `dā` (to give) with prefix `pra`
  Prefix: pra
  Root: dā (class 3)

परः (paraḥ) - great, supreme, highest

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of para

para - supreme, highest, greatest, excellent

अधर्मः (adharmaḥ) - unrighteousness, transgression against natural law

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adharma

adharma - unrighteousness, injustice, violation of natural law (dharma)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+dharma)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• dharma – righteousness, natural law (dharma), duty
  noun (masculine)

किम् (kim) - what

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

श्येन (śyena) - O hawk

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of śyena

śyena - hawk, falcon

प्रपश्यसि (prapaśyasi) - you see, you perceive

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (lat) of prapaś

root `dṛś` (to see) with prefix `pra`, thematic a-stem `paśya`

Prefix: pra

Root: dṛś (class 1)