महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-115, verse-15

अकृतव्रण उवाच ।
स तथेति प्रतिज्ञाय राजन्वरुणमब्रवीत् ।
एकतःश्यामकर्णानां पाण्डुराणां तरस्विनाम् ।
सहस्रं वाजिनामेकं शुल्कार्थं मे प्रदीयताम् ॥१५॥

15. akṛtavraṇa uvāca ,
sa tatheti pratijñāya rājanvaruṇamabravīt ,
ekataḥśyāmakarṇānāṁ pāṇḍurāṇāṁ tarasvinām ,
sahasraṁ vājināmekaṁ śulkārthaṁ me pradīyatām.

15. akṛtavraṇa uvāca | sa tathā iti pratijñāya
rājan varuṇam abravīt | ekataḥ
śyāmakarṇānām pāṇḍurāṇām tarasvinām | sahasram
vājinām ekam śulkārtham me pradīyatām

15. Akṛtavraṇa said: Having thus agreed, he (Gādhi) spoke to Varuṇa, "O King, let a thousand swift, white horses, each with one black ear, be given to me for the bride price."

Words meanings summery:

• अकृतव्रण (akṛtavraṇa) - The narrator of this section (Akṛtavraṇa)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• स (sa) - He, referring to King Gādhi (he, that)

• तथा (tathā) - "so be it", "it is so" (referring to the acceptance of Ṛcīka's condition) (thus, so, in that manner)

• इति (iti) - marks the end of a quoted statement or thought (thus, so, as)

• प्रतिज्ञाय (pratijñāya) - having promised/agreed to Ṛcīka's condition (having promised, having agreed)

• राजन् (rājan) - O King Varuṇa (O king)

• वरुणम् (varuṇam) - Varuṇa (name of a Vedic deity)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - Gādhi spoke (he said, he spoke)

• एकतः (ekataḥ) - referring to one ear having black color (from one side, on one side, in one part)

• श्यामकर्णानाम् (śyāmakarṇānām) - of the horses that have black ears (of those with black ears)

• पाण्डुराणाम् (pāṇḍurāṇām) - of the horses that are white (of those that are white, pale)

• तरस्विनाम् (tarasvinām) - of the swift horses (of the swift, powerful, energetic ones)

• सहस्रम् (sahasram) - a thousand (horses) (a thousand)

• वाजिनाम् (vājinām) - of horses

• एकम् (ekam) - a single (thousand) (one, single)

• शुल्कार्थम् (śulkārtham) - for the bride price (of Satyavatī) (for the purpose of a bride price, for the sake of a fee/toll)

• मे (me) - to me (Gādhi) (to me, for me)

• प्रदीयताम् (pradīyatām) - let the thousand horses be given (let it be given)

Words meanings and morphology

अकृतव्रण (akṛtavraṇa) - The narrator of this section (Akṛtavraṇa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of akṛtavraṇa

akṛtavraṇa - having no wounds; name of a sage (often Śaunaka)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (akṛta+vraṇa)

• akṛta – not done, not made
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  Negative of past passive participle of √kṛ
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• vraṇa – wound, cut, scar
  noun (masculine)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

perfect tense

3rd person singular, perfect active, of √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

स (sa) - He, referring to King Gādhi (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

nominative singular masculine of demonstrative pronoun 'tad'

Note: Refers to King Gādhi.

तथा (tathā) - "so be it", "it is so" (referring to the acceptance of Ṛcīka's condition) (thus, so, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: Often used with `iti` to quote a statement of agreement.

इति (iti) - marks the end of a quoted statement or thought (thus, so, as)

(indeclinable)

Note: Follows `tathā` to indicate agreement.

प्रतिज्ञाय (pratijñāya) - having promised/agreed to Ṛcīka's condition (having promised, having agreed)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

absolutive of √jñā with prefix prati

Prefix: prati

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Indicates a prior completed action.

राजन् (rājan) - O King Varuṇa (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Address to Varuṇa.

वरुणम् (varuṇam) - Varuṇa (name of a Vedic deity)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of varuṇa

varuṇa - Varuṇa (a deity associated with cosmic order, waters, and the western direction)

Note: Object of `abravīt`.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - Gādhi spoke (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bru

imperfect tense

3rd person singular, imperfect active, of √bru

Root: bru (class 2)

Note: The subject is `sa` (Gādhi).

एकतः (ekataḥ) - referring to one ear having black color (from one side, on one side, in one part)

(indeclinable)

suffix -tas indicating 'from/on one side'

श्यामकर्णानाम् (śyāmakarṇānām) - of the horses that have black ears (of those with black ears)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of śyāmakarṇa

śyāmakarṇa - black-eared

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śyāma+karṇa)

• śyāma – black, dark
  adjective (masculine)
• karṇa – ear
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with `vājinām`.

पाण्डुराणाम् (pāṇḍurāṇām) - of the horses that are white (of those that are white, pale)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pāṇḍura

pāṇḍura - white, pale, yellowish-white

Note: Agrees with `vājinām`.

तरस्विनाम् (tarasvinām) - of the swift horses (of the swift, powerful, energetic ones)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tarasvin

tarasvin - swift, quick, energetic, strong

derived from 'taras' (speed, energy)

Note: Agrees with `vājinām`.

सहस्रम् (sahasram) - a thousand (horses) (a thousand)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sahasra

sahasra - thousand

Note: Object of `pradīyatām`.

वाजिनाम् (vājinām) - of horses

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vājin

vājin - horse, swift, strong

derived from 'vāja' (strength, speed)

Note: Partitive genitive with `sahasram` (a thousand of horses).

एकम् (ekam) - a single (thousand) (one, single)

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with `sahasram`.

शुल्कार्थम् (śulkārtham) - for the bride price (of Satyavatī) (for the purpose of a bride price, for the sake of a fee/toll)

(indeclinable)

compound used adverbially, or accusative of purpose

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śulka+artha)

• śulka – bride price, fee, toll
  noun (masculine)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Functions adverbially.

मे (me) - to me (Gādhi) (to me, for me)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of aham

aham - I

dative/genitive singular of 1st person pronoun (enclitic)

Note: The recipient of the horses.

प्रदीयताम् (pradīyatām) - let the thousand horses be given (let it be given)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (lot) of pra-dā

imperative passive

3rd person singular, imperative passive, of √dā with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: The subject is `sahasram`.