महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-115, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
स तत्र तामुषित्वैकां रजनीं पृथिवीपतिः ।
तापसानां परं चक्रे सत्कारं भ्रातृभिः सह ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
sa tatra tāmuṣitvaikāṁ rajanīṁ pṛthivīpatiḥ ,
tāpasānāṁ paraṁ cakre satkāraṁ bhrātṛbhiḥ saha.

1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca | sa tatra tām uṣitvā ekāṃ rajinīṃ
pṛthivīpatiḥ | tāpasānām param cakre satkāraṃ bhrātṛbhiḥ saha

1. Vaiśampāyana said: Having stayed there for one night, that lord of the earth (Yudhiṣṭhira) then offered great hospitality to the ascetics along with his brothers.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśaṃpāyana (proper noun)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• स (sa) - Refers to Yudhiṣṭhira. (he, that (masc.))

• तत्र (tatra) - Refers to Mount Mahendra (there, in that place)

• ताम् (tām) - Refers to 'rajinīm' (night) (her, that (fem.))

• उषित्वा (uṣitvā) - having stayed, having dwelt

• एकां (ekāṁ) - Agrees with 'rajinīm' (one, a single)

• रजिनीं (rajinīṁ) - Accusative of duration (night)

• पृथिवीपतिः (pṛthivīpatiḥ) - King Yudhiṣṭhira (lord of the earth, king)

• तापसानाम् (tāpasānām) - of the ascetics

• परम् (param) - Agrees with 'satkāraṃ' (great, excellent, supreme)

• चक्रे (cakre) - performed, made

• सत्कारं (satkāraṁ) - hospitality, honor, respect

• भ्रातृभिः (bhrātṛbhiḥ) - with brothers

• सह (saha) - with, along with

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśaṃpāyana (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśampāyana (a sage, narrator of the Mahābhārata)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

perfect tense

Reduplicated perfect, 3rd person singular, parasmaipada

Root: vac (class 2)

स (sa) - Refers to Yudhiṣṭhira. (he, that (masc.))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he/she/it

तत्र (tatra) - Refers to Mount Mahendra (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

locative adverb derived from tad

ताम् (tām) - Refers to 'rajinīm' (night) (her, that (fem.))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he/she/it

उषित्वा (uṣitvā) - having stayed, having dwelt

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Derived from root vas with ktvā suffix

Root: vas (class 1)

एकां (ekāṁ) - Agrees with 'rajinīm' (one, a single)

(numeral)

रजिनीं (rajinīṁ) - Accusative of duration (night)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of rajinī

rajinī - night

Root: raj (class 1)

पृथिवीपतिः (pṛthivīpatiḥ) - King Yudhiṣṭhira (lord of the earth, king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pṛthivīpati

pṛthivīpati - lord of the earth, king

Compound type : tatpurusha (pṛthivī+pati)

• pṛthivī – earth, land
  noun (feminine)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)
  Root: pā (class 2)

तापसानाम् (tāpasānām) - of the ascetics

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tāpasa

tāpasa - ascetic, hermit, devotee

Derived from tapas (austerity)

Root: tap (class 1)

परम् (param) - Agrees with 'satkāraṃ' (great, excellent, supreme)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of para

para - supreme, excellent, highest, chief

चक्रे (cakre) - performed, made

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past perfect (liṭ) of kṛ

perfect tense

Reduplicated perfect, 3rd person singular, ātmanepada

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: ātmanepada

सत्कारं (satkāraṁ) - hospitality, honor, respect

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of satkāra

satkāra - hospitality, respect, honor, good treatment

Compound type : tatpurusha (sat+kāra)

• sat – good, true, existing
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Active Participle of as (to be)
  Root: as (class 2)
• kāra – making, doing, performing
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root kṛ
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

भ्रातृभिः (bhrātṛbhiḥ) - with brothers

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

सह (saha) - with, along with

(indeclinable)