महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-4, verse-33

गायन्ति दिव्यतानैस्ते यथान्यायं मनस्विनः ।
पाण्डुपुत्रानृषींश्चैव रमयन्त उपासते ॥३३॥

33. gāyanti divyatānaiste yathānyāyaṁ manasvinaḥ ,
pāṇḍuputrānṛṣīṁścaiva ramayanta upāsate.

33. gāyanti divyatānaiḥ te yathānyāyam manasvinaḥ
pāṇḍuputrān ṛṣīn ca eva ramayantaḥ upāsate

33. Those high-minded (manasvin) beings sing divine melodies in perfect accordance with the rules, delighting the sons of Pāṇḍu and the sages as they attend upon them.

Words meanings summery:

• गायन्ति (gāyanti) - they sing (they sing, they chant)

• दिव्यतानैः (divyatānaiḥ) - with divine melodies (with divine melodies, with divine tones)

• ते (te) - they (referring to Kinnaras and Gandharvas) (they, those (masculine/feminine nominative plural))

• यथान्यायम् (yathānyāyam) - appropriately, in perfect accordance with the rules (according to justice, properly, appropriately, according to rule)

• मनस्विनः (manasvinaḥ) - high-minded beings (high-minded, wise, intelligent, sagacious)

• पाण्डुपुत्रान् (pāṇḍuputrān) - the Pāṇḍavas (sons of Pāṇḍu, the Pāṇḍavas)

• ऋषीन् (ṛṣīn) - sages (sages, seers)

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - also (indeed, only, just, also)

• रमयन्तः (ramayantaḥ) - delighting (delighting, causing to rejoice, entertaining)

• उपासते (upāsate) - they attend upon (they attend upon, they serve, they worship, they revere)

Words meanings and morphology

गायन्ति (gāyanti) - they sing (they sing, they chant)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of gā

Present Active

From root gā (to sing), class 3, present tense.

Root: gā (class 3)

दिव्यतानैः (divyatānaiḥ) - with divine melodies (with divine melodies, with divine tones)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of divyatāna

divyatāna - divine melody, divine tone, divine stretch (of music)

Compound of divya (divine) and tāna (melody).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (divya+tāna)

• divya – divine, celestial, heavenly
  adjective (masculine)
  From div (sky, day)
  Root: div (class 1)
• tāna – stretch, extension, tone, melody, continued flow of sound
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root tan (to stretch)
  Root: tan (class 8)

ते (te) - they (referring to Kinnaras and Gandharvas) (they, those (masculine/feminine nominative plural))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to Kinnaras and Gandharvas from the previous verse.

यथान्यायम् (yathānyāyam) - appropriately, in perfect accordance with the rules (according to justice, properly, appropriately, according to rule)

(indeclinable)

Avyayībhāva compound of yathā and nyāya.

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+nyāya)

• yathā – as, just as, according to
  indeclinable
• nyāya – justice, rule, method, system, logic
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ni

Note: Functions adverbially.

मनस्विनः (manasvinaḥ) - high-minded beings (high-minded, wise, intelligent, sagacious)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of manasvin

manasvin - high-minded, wise, intelligent, sagacious, strong-minded

From manas (mind) + -vin suffix.

Note: Agrees with te.

पाण्डुपुत्रान् (pāṇḍuputrān) - the Pāṇḍavas (sons of Pāṇḍu, the Pāṇḍavas)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍuputra

pāṇḍuputra - son of Pāṇḍu, the Pāṇḍavas

Compound of Pāṇḍu and putra.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pāṇḍu+putra)

• pāṇḍu – Pāṇḍu (father of the Pāṇḍavas)
  proper noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of ramayantaḥ.

ऋषीन् (ṛṣīn) - sages (sages, seers)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet

Root: ṛṣ (class 4)

Note: Object of ramayantaḥ.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - also (indeed, only, just, also)

(indeclinable)

रमयन्तः (ramayantaḥ) - delighting (delighting, causing to rejoice, entertaining)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ramayat

ramayat - delighting, causing to rejoice

Present Active Participle (Causative)

Causative of root ram (to rejoice) + śatṛ suffix.

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Functions as a participle modifying te/manasvinaḥ.

उपासते (upāsate) - they attend upon (they attend upon, they serve, they worship, they revere)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of upās

Present Middle

From root ās (to sit) with prefix upa.

Prefix: upa

Root: ās (class 2)