महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-4, verse-12

बलवाकः शिनीवाकः सुत्यपालः कृतश्रमः ।
जातूकर्णः शिखावांश्च सुबलः पारिजातकः ॥१२॥

12. balavākaḥ śinīvākaḥ sutyapālaḥ kṛtaśramaḥ ,
jātūkarṇaḥ śikhāvāṁśca subalaḥ pārijātakaḥ.

12. balavākaḥ śinīvākaḥ sutyapālaḥ kṛtaśramaḥ
jātūkarṇaḥ śikhāvān ca subalaḥ pārijātakaḥ

12. Balavāka, Śinīvāka, Sutyapāla, Kṛtaśrama, Jātūkarṇa, Śikhāvan, Subala, and Pārijātaka (are mentioned).

Words meanings summery:

• बलवाकः (balavākaḥ) - The sage Balavāka (Balavāka (a proper name))

• शिनीवाकः (śinīvākaḥ) - The sage Śinīvāka (Śinīvāka (a proper name))

• सुत्यपालः (sutyapālaḥ) - The sage Sutyapāla (Protector of the Soma sacrifice)

• कृतश्रमः (kṛtaśramaḥ) - The sage Kṛtaśrama, one who has performed great penance (tapas) (One who has performed penance or labor; accomplished in effort)

• जातूकर्णः (jātūkarṇaḥ) - The sage Jātūkarṇa (Jātūkarṇa (a proper name))

• शिखावान् (śikhāvān) - The sage Śikhāvan (Possessing a top-knot, crest, or flame)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• सुबलः (subalaḥ) - The sage Subala (Very strong; Subala (a proper name))

• पारिजातकः (pārijātakaḥ) - The sage Pārijātaka (Pārijātaka (a proper name); relating to the Pārijāta tree)

Words meanings and morphology

बलवाकः (balavākaḥ) - The sage Balavāka (Balavāka (a proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of balavāka

balavāka - A proper name

शिनीवाकः (śinīvākaḥ) - The sage Śinīvāka (Śinīvāka (a proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śinīvāka

śinīvāka - A proper name; possibly related to the goddess Sinivali (new moon)

सुत्यपालः (sutyapālaḥ) - The sage Sutyapāla (Protector of the Soma sacrifice)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sutyapāla

sutyapāla - Protector of the Soma sacrifice (sutya - Soma pressing, pāla - protector)

From sutya (Soma pressing) + pāla (protector).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sutya+pāla)

• sutya – fit for pressing (Soma), Soma-pressing
  adjective (masculine)
  gerundive
  From root su (to press Soma)
  Root: su (class 5)
• pāla – protector, guardian
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  From root pā (to protect)
  Root: pā (class 2)

कृतश्रमः (kṛtaśramaḥ) - The sage Kṛtaśrama, one who has performed great penance (tapas) (One who has performed penance or labor; accomplished in effort)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtaśrama

kṛtaśrama - One who has accomplished labor/austerity; one who has performed penance

From kṛta (done) + śrama (effort, penance).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+śrama)

• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root kṛ (to do)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• śrama – effort, labor, exertion, penance (tapas)
  noun (masculine)

Note: This name could also be an epithet referring to his great asceticism (tapas).

जातूकर्णः (jātūkarṇaḥ) - The sage Jātūkarṇa (Jātūkarṇa (a proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jātūkarṇa

jātūkarṇa - A proper name, known from ancient texts

शिखावान् (śikhāvān) - The sage Śikhāvan (Possessing a top-knot, crest, or flame)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śikhāvat

śikhāvat - Possessing a top-knot (śikhā), crest, or flame

From śikhā (top-knot/crest/flame) + mat (possessive suffix).

Note: The word śikhāvān (masc. nom. sg. of śikhāvat) literally means 'one having a top-knot' or 'crested'. It functions as a proper name here.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

सुबलः (subalaḥ) - The sage Subala (Very strong; Subala (a proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of subala

subala - Very strong; having good strength

From su (good, very) + bala (strength).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+bala)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)

Note: This name could also be an epithet referring to his strength or power.

पारिजातकः (pārijātakaḥ) - The sage Pārijātaka (Pārijātaka (a proper name); relating to the Pārijāta tree)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārijātaka

pārijātaka - The Pārijāta tree (a celestial coral tree); a proper name

From Pārijāta with suffix -ka.