महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-4, verse-3

ददौ तेभ्यः सहस्राणि गवां प्रत्येकशः प्रभुः ।
पुण्याहघोषस्तत्रासीद्दिवस्पृगिव भारत ॥३॥

3. dadau tebhyaḥ sahasrāṇi gavāṁ pratyekaśaḥ prabhuḥ ,
puṇyāhaghoṣastatrāsīddivaspṛgiva bhārata.

3. dadau tebhyaḥ sahasrāṇi gavām pratyekaśaḥ prabhuḥ
puṇyāhaghoṣaḥ tatra āsīt divaspṛk iva bhārata

3. The lord (prabhu) gave them thousands of cows, each one. There, a sound of auspicious proclamations (puṇyāhaghoṣa) arose, reaching as if to the heavens, O Bhārata.

Words meanings summery:

• ददौ (dadau) - gave

• तेभ्यः (tebhyaḥ) - to them

• सहस्राणि (sahasrāṇi) - thousands

• गवाम् (gavām) - of cows

• प्रत्येकशः (pratyekaśaḥ) - each, individually

• प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - the lord, the master

• पुण्याहघोषः (puṇyāhaghoṣaḥ) - sound of auspicious proclamations

• तत्र (tatra) - there

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

• दिवस्पृक् (divaspṛk) - touching the sky, sky-high

• इव (iva) - like, as if

• भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (descendant of Bharata)

Words meanings and morphology

ददौ (dadau) - gave

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of dā

Perfect Indicative

3rd person singular, parasmaipada. Reduplicated root.

Root: dā (class 3)

तेभ्यः (tebhyaḥ) - to them

(pronoun)

Dative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

सहस्राणि (sahasrāṇi) - thousands

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of sahasra

sahasra - thousand

Note: Object of 'dadau'.

गवाम् (gavām) - of cows

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of go

go - cow, bull, ox, cattle, ray of light, earth

Note: Partitive genitive with 'sahasrāṇi'.

प्रत्येकशः (pratyekaśaḥ) - each, individually

(indeclinable)

Formed with 'śas' suffix meaning 'each'.

प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - the lord, the master

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prabhu

prabhu - lord, master, ruler, mighty

From 'pra' (forth) + root 'bhū' (to be).

Prefix: pra

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'dadau'.

पुण्याहघोषः (puṇyāhaghoṣaḥ) - sound of auspicious proclamations

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puṇyāhaghoṣa

puṇyāhaghoṣa - sound of an auspicious day's proclamation, auspicious declaration, joyful clamor

Compound type : tatpurusha (puṇyāha+ghoṣa)

• puṇyāha – auspicious day, holy day
  noun (neuter)
  Karmadhāraya compound: 'puṇya' (auspicious) + 'aha' (day).
• ghoṣa – sound, noise, proclamation, cry
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'ghuṣ' (to proclaim, sound).
  Root: ghuṣ (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'āsīt'.

तत्र (tatra) - there

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'tad' (that) + 'tra' suffix.

आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Imperfect Indicative

3rd person singular, parasmaipada.

Root: as (class 2)

दिवस्पृक् (divaspṛk) - touching the sky, sky-high

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of divaspṛś

divaspṛś - touching the sky, sky-reaching, lofty

Compound of 'divas' (sky, genitive form of 'div') + 'pṛś' (touching, from root 'spṛś'). Final 'ś' becomes 'k' due to sandhi rules.

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (divas+spṛś)

• div – sky, heaven, day
  noun (feminine)
  Stem form 'divas' used in compounds.
• spṛś – touching, contact
  noun
  From root 'spṛś' (to touch).
  Root: spṛś (class 6)

Note: Adjective modifying 'puṇyāhaghoṣaḥ'.

इव (iva) - like, as if

(indeclinable)

भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (descendant of Bharata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, related to Bharata, an Indian

Patronymic derived from 'bharata'.