महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-33, verse-23

आचार्यमृत्विजं चैव संयुक्तं च युधिष्ठिर ।
स्नातकं च प्रियं चाहुः षडर्घ्यार्हान्नृपं तथा ॥२३॥

23. ācāryamṛtvijaṁ caiva saṁyuktaṁ ca yudhiṣṭhira ,
snātakaṁ ca priyaṁ cāhuḥ ṣaḍarghyārhānnṛpaṁ tathā.

23. ācāryam ṛtvijam ca eva saṃyuktam ca yudhiṣṭhira
snātakam ca priyam ca āhuḥ ṣaḍarghyārhān nṛpam tathā

23. O Yudhishthira, they say that a preceptor, a ritual priest, a relative (or son-in-law), a student who has completed his studies (snātaka), a dear one, and a king are the six persons who deserve the honorific offering (arghya).

Words meanings summery:

• आचार्यम् (ācāryam) - preceptor, teacher

• ऋत्विजम् (ṛtvijam) - sacrificial priest

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• संयुक्तम् (saṁyuktam) - a relative, a son-in-law (as an honored guest) (connected, related, joined)

• च (ca) - and, also

• युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - O Yudhishthira!

• स्नातकम् (snātakam) - a student who has completed Vedic studies and performed the ritual bath (snāna) (a student who has completed studies)

• च (ca) - and, also

• प्रियम् (priyam) - a dear one (as an honored guest) (dear, beloved)

• च (ca) - and, also

• आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they call

• षडर्घ्यार्हान् (ṣaḍarghyārhān) - the six who are worthy of arghya (honorific offering)

• नृपम् (nṛpam) - a king

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly, also

Words meanings and morphology

आचार्यम् (ācāryam) - preceptor, teacher

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ācārya

ācārya - preceptor, teacher, instructor, spiritual guide

From 'ā' + 'car' (to move, conduct).

Prefix: ā

Root: car (class 1)

ऋत्विजम् (ṛtvijam) - sacrificial priest

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ṛtvij

ṛtvij - sacrificial priest, one who performs sacrifice at the proper time

From 'ṛtu' (season, proper time) + 'yaj' (to sacrifice).

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

संयुक्तम् (saṁyuktam) - a relative, a son-in-law (as an honored guest) (connected, related, joined)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃyukta

saṁyukta - joined, united, connected, endowed with, related, a relative, a son-in-law

Past Passive Participle

From 'sam' + 'yuj' (to join), past passive participle. Often used as a noun meaning a relative/relation.

Prefix: sam

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Used here as a noun.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - O Yudhishthira!

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira (eldest of the Pandavas, firm in battle, steadfast in war)

Compound of 'yudhi' (in battle) and 'sthira' (firm).

Compound type : aluk-saptamī-tatpuruṣa (yudh+sthira)

• yudh – battle, fight
  noun (feminine)
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• sthira – firm, steady, stable
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

स्नातकम् (snātakam) - a student who has completed Vedic studies and performed the ritual bath (snāna) (a student who has completed studies)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of snātaka

snātaka - a student who has completed his Vedic studies and performed the ceremonial bath (snāna), a graduate

From root 'snā' (to bathe) with suffix '-taka'.

Root: snā (class 2)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

प्रियम् (priyam) - a dear one (as an honored guest) (dear, beloved)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of priya

priya - dear, beloved, favorite, agreeable, a friend, a loved one

From root 'prī' (to please, love).

Root: prī (class 9)

Note: Used here as a noun.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they call

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of ah

Perfect

From the root 'ah' (to say), perfect 3rd person plural. Often used for general statement 'they say'.

Root: ah (class 2)

षडर्घ्यार्हान् (ṣaḍarghyārhān) - the six who are worthy of arghya (honorific offering)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ṣaḍarghyārha

ṣaḍarghyārha - six persons deserving of an 'arghya' (honorific offering)

Dvigu compound of 'ṣaṭ' (six) and 'arghyārha' (worthy of arghya). Declined form is masculine accusative plural.

Compound type : dvigu (ṣaṭ+arghyārha)

• ṣaṭ – six
  numeral
• arghyārha – deserving of arghya, worthy of honor
  adjective (masculine)
  Compound of 'arghya' (offering of respect) and 'arha' (deserving).
  Root: arh (class 1)

नृपम् (nṛpam) - a king

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, monarch

Compound of 'nṛ' (man) and 'pa' (protector, from root 'pā' to protect).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protector, guardian
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'pā' (to protect).
  Root: pā (class 2)

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly, also

(indeclinable)