महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-56, verse-4

उत्तङ्क उवाच ।
राजन्गुर्वर्थिनं विद्धि चरन्तं मामिहागतम् ।
न च गुर्वर्थमुद्युक्तं हिंस्यमाहुर्मनीषिणः ॥४॥

4. uttaṅka uvāca ,
rājangurvarthinaṁ viddhi carantaṁ māmihāgatam ,
na ca gurvarthamudyuktaṁ hiṁsyamāhurmanīṣiṇaḥ.

4. uttaṅkaḥ uvāca rājan gurvarthinam viddhi carantam mām iha
āgatam na ca gurvartham udyuktam hiṃsyam āhuḥ manīṣiṇaḥ

4. Uttaṅka said: 'O King, know that I have arrived here, having wandered for my guru's (guru) purpose. Furthermore, the wise declare that one engaged in the guru's (guru) mission should not be harmed.'

Words meanings summery:

• उत्तङ्कः (uttaṅkaḥ) - Uttaṅka

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• गुर्वर्थिनम् (gurvarthinam) - me, who is seeking on behalf of my spiritual teacher (one seeking for the guru's (guru) purpose)

• विद्धि (viddhi) - know, understand

• चरन्तम् (carantam) - me, who is wandering (wandering, moving, performing)

• माम् (mām) - me

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• आगतम् (āgatam) - me, who has arrived (arrived, come)

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• गुर्वर्थम् (gurvartham) - for the guru's (guru) purpose, for the sake of the guru's mission

• उद्युक्तम् (udyuktam) - one who is engaged in the guru's purpose (engaged, devoted, ready)

• हिंस्यम् (hiṁsyam) - to be harmed, killable, vulnerable to injury

• आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they declare

• मनीषिणः (manīṣiṇaḥ) - the wise ones, thoughtful people, sages

Words meanings and morphology

उत्तङ्कः (uttaṅkaḥ) - Uttaṅka

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of uttaṅka

uttaṅka - Uttaṅka (name of a sage/disciple)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

गुर्वर्थिनम् (gurvarthinam) - me, who is seeking on behalf of my spiritual teacher (one seeking for the guru's (guru) purpose)

(compound noun)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (guru+arthin)

• guru – spiritual teacher, preceptor, venerable, heavy
  noun (masculine)
• arthin – seeker, desirous of, one who asks for, supplicant
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from 'artha' (purpose, object, wealth) with the suffix '-in'.

विद्धि (viddhi) - know, understand

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vid

Root: vid (class 2)

चरन्तम् (carantam) - me, who is wandering (wandering, moving, performing)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of carant

carant - wandering, moving, performing (present participle)

Present Active Participle (Śatṛ suffix)

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Declined as an adjective.

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

आगतम् (āgatam) - me, who has arrived (arrived, come)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āgata

āgata - arrived, come, obtained

Past Passive Participle (kta suffix)

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Declined as an adjective.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

गुर्वर्थम् (gurvartham) - for the guru's (guru) purpose, for the sake of the guru's mission

(compound noun)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (guru+artha)

• guru – spiritual teacher, preceptor, venerable
  noun (masculine)
• artha – purpose, object, meaning, wealth, goal
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used adverbially to indicate purpose ('for the sake of').

उद्युक्तम् (udyuktam) - one who is engaged in the guru's purpose (engaged, devoted, ready)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of udyukta

udyukta - engaged, ready, active, prepared, devoted

Past Passive Participle (kta suffix)

Prefix: ud

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Declined as an adjective/noun.

हिंस्यम् (hiṁsyam) - to be harmed, killable, vulnerable to injury

(gerundive)

Note: Declined as an adjective/noun.

आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they declare

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of brū

From root 'brū' or 'ah'. 'āhuḥ' is a common irregular perfect form for 'they say'.

Root: brū (class 2)

मनीषिणः (manīṣiṇaḥ) - the wise ones, thoughtful people, sages

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of manīṣin

manīṣin - wise, thoughtful, intelligent; a wise person, sage