महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-56, verse-13

सौदास उवाच ।
पत्न्यास्ते मम विप्रर्षे रुचिरे मणिकुण्डले ।
वरयार्थं त्वमन्यं वै तं ते दास्यामि सुव्रत ॥१३॥

13. saudāsa uvāca ,
patnyāste mama viprarṣe rucire maṇikuṇḍale ,
varayārthaṁ tvamanyaṁ vai taṁ te dāsyāmi suvrata.

13. Saudāsaḥ uvāca patnyāḥ te mama vipra-ṛṣe rucire maṇi-kuṇḍale
varaya artham tvam anyam vai tam te dāsyāmi suvrata

13. Saudāsaḥ uvāca vipra-ṛṣe suvrata
mama patnyāḥ te rucire
maṇi-kuṇḍale (santīti) tvam anyam
artham varaya vai te tam dāsyāmi

13. Saudāsa said: "O sage (viprarṣi), those beautiful jeweled earrings belong to my wife. Ask for something else, O man of excellent vows (suvrata); I will certainly give that to you."

Words meanings summery:

• सौदासः (saudāsaḥ) - King Saudāsa (Saudāsa)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• पत्न्याः (patnyāḥ) - of my wife (of the wife, by the wife)

• ते (te) - your, to you

• मम (mama) - my, to me

• विप्र-ऋषे (vipra-ṛṣe) - O Uttanka, the Brahmin sage (O sage, O Brahmin sage)

• रुचिरे (rucire) - beautiful (earrings) (beautiful, brilliant, lovely)

• मणि-कुण्डले (maṇi-kuṇḍale) - jeweled earrings

• वरय (varaya) - choose, ask for

• अर्थम् (artham) - thing, object (to ask for) (purpose, object, thing)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• अन्यम् (anyam) - another, other

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

• तम् (tam) - that (other thing you ask for) (that, him)

• ते (te) - to you, for you

• दास्यामि (dāsyāmi) - I will give

• सुव्रत (suvrata) - O man of excellent vows (O one of good vows, O virtuous one)

Words meanings and morphology

सौदासः (saudāsaḥ) - King Saudāsa (Saudāsa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of Saudāsa

Saudāsa - Son of Sudāsa; name of a king

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Root 'vac' (2nd class) in perfect tense, 3rd person singular active voice.

Root: vac (class 2)

पत्न्याः (patnyāḥ) - of my wife (of the wife, by the wife)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of patnī

patnī - wife, mistress, lady

Note: Possessive, refers to the earrings.

ते (te) - your, to you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

From 'yuṣmad' (you), 4th or 6th case singular.

Note: Here, it indicates possession, modifying 'patnyāḥ'.

मम (mama) - my, to me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of mad

mad - I, me

From 'aham' (I), 4th or 6th case singular.

Note: Possessive, modifying 'patnyāḥ'.

विप्र-ऋषे (vipra-ṛṣe) - O Uttanka, the Brahmin sage (O sage, O Brahmin sage)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vipra-ṛṣi

vipra-ṛṣi - Brahmin sage, holy sage

Compound type : tatpurusha (vipra+ṛṣi)

• vipra – Brahmin, inspired, wise
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣi – sage, seer
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressed to Uttanka.

रुचिरे (rucire) - beautiful (earrings) (beautiful, brilliant, lovely)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, dual of rucira

rucira - beautiful, brilliant, charming, lovely

Note: Agrees with 'maṇi-kuṇḍale'.

मणि-कुण्डले (maṇi-kuṇḍale) - jeweled earrings

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, dual of maṇi-kuṇḍala

maṇi-kuṇḍala - jeweled earring

Compound type : tatpurusha (maṇi+kuṇḍala)

• maṇi – gem, jewel
  noun (masculine)
• kuṇḍala – earring, coil
  noun (neuter)

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'santīti' (they are).

वरय (varaya) - choose, ask for

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (Loṭ) of vṛ

Imperative Active

Root 'vṛ' (9th class) in imperative mood, 2nd person singular active voice.

Root: vṛ (class 9)

Note: Subject 'tvam' (you) is implied.

अर्थम् (artham) - thing, object (to ask for) (purpose, object, thing)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - purpose, object, meaning, thing, wealth

Note: Object of 'varaya'.

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Subject of 'varaya'.

अन्यम् (anyam) - another, other

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anya

anya - other, another, different

Note: Modifies 'artham'.

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

तम् (tam) - that (other thing you ask for) (that, him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, it, him

Note: Object of 'dāsyāmi'.

ते (te) - to you, for you

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

From 'yuṣmad' (you), 4th or 6th case singular.

Note: Indirect object of 'dāsyāmi'.

दास्यामि (dāsyāmi) - I will give

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (Lṛṭ) of dā

Future Active

Root 'dā' (3rd class) in future tense, 1st person singular active voice.

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Subject 'aham' (I) is implied.

सुव्रत (suvrata) - O man of excellent vows (O one of good vows, O virtuous one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of suvrata

suvrata - one who has good vows/observances, virtuous, pious

Compound type : bahuvrihi (su+vrata)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating excellence.
• vrata – vow, sacred observance, duty
  noun (neuter)

Note: Addressed to Uttanka.