महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-56, verse-18

सौदास उवाच ।
द्रक्ष्यते तां भवानद्य कस्मिंश्चिद्वननिर्झरे ।
षष्ठे काले न हि मया सा शक्या द्रष्टुमद्य वै ॥१८॥

18. saudāsa uvāca ,
drakṣyate tāṁ bhavānadya kasmiṁścidvananirjhare ,
ṣaṣṭhe kāle na hi mayā sā śakyā draṣṭumadya vai.

18. saudāsa uvāca drakṣyate tām bhavān adya kasmin-cit
vana-nirjhare ṣaṣṭhe kāle na hi mayā sā śakyā draṣṭum adya vai

18. Saudāsa said: "You will see her today in some forest waterfall. Indeed, she cannot be seen by me now during the sixth period (of the day/night)."

Words meanings summery:

• सौदास (saudāsa) - Saudāsa (proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• द्रक्ष्यते (drakṣyate) - will be seen, will see

• ताम् (tām) - refers to the queen, Madayantī (her, that)

• भवान् (bhavān) - refers to Uttanka (you (respectful))

• अद्य (adya) - today, now

• कस्मिन्-चित् (kasmin-cit) - in some, in a certain

• वन-निर्झरे (vana-nirjhare) - in a forest waterfall

• षष्ठे (ṣaṣṭhe) - in the sixth

• काले (kāle) - at the sixth period of the day/night, a specific time associated with the curse on Saudāsa (at the time, in the period)

• न (na) - not

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• मया (mayā) - by King Saudāsa (by me)

• सा (sā) - refers to the queen, Madayantī (she)

• शक्या (śakyā) - able (to be), possible (to be)

• द्रष्टुम् (draṣṭum) - to see

• अद्य (adya) - today, now

• वै (vai) - indeed, verily (emphatic particle)

Words meanings and morphology

सौदास (saudāsa) - Saudāsa (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saudāsa

saudāsa - name of a king, son of Sudāsa, known for a curse

Note: Subject of uvāca

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect active third person singular

Reduplicated perfect form of √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

द्रक्ष्यते (drakṣyate) - will be seen, will see

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, future (lṛṭ) of dṛś

Future middle third person singular

Root √dṛś (to see), future tense, middle voice

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: The agent here is 'bhavān' (you), so it functions actively 'you will see', though it's middle voice. Can be translated as passive 'she will be seen by you'.

ताम् (tām) - refers to the queen, Madayantī (her, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, her, it

Note: Object of drakṣyate, refers to the queen

भवान् (bhavān) - refers to Uttanka (you (respectful))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - you, your honor

Respectful second person pronoun

Note: Subject of drakṣyate

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

कस्मिन्-चित् (kasmin-cit) - in some, in a certain

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine/neuter, singular of ka-cit

ka-cit - someone, something, a certain, some

Indefinite pronoun derived from kim + cit

Note: Agrees with vana-nirjhare

वन-निर्झरे (vana-nirjhare) - in a forest waterfall

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vana-nirjhara

vana-nirjhara - forest waterfall, mountain stream

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vana+nirjhara)

• vana – forest, wood
  noun (neuter)
• nirjhara – waterfall, cascade
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from √jhṛ (to fall) with nir-
  Prefix: nir
  Root: jhṛ (class 1)

Note: Location where the queen will be seen

षष्ठे (ṣaṣṭhe) - in the sixth

(adjective)

Locative, masculine/neuter, singular of ṣaṣṭha

ṣaṣṭha - sixth

Note: Agrees with kāle

काले (kāle) - at the sixth period of the day/night, a specific time associated with the curse on Saudāsa (at the time, in the period)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, season

Note: Indicates time

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle

मया (mayā) - by King Saudāsa (by me)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Agent of the passive construction śakyā draṣṭum

सा (sā) - refers to the queen, Madayantī (she)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Note: Refers to the queen

शक्या (śakyā) - able (to be), possible (to be)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śakya

śakya - possible, capable, able to be done

Gerundive/future passive participle

Derived from √śak (to be able)

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Agrees with sā, forms a passive periphrastic construction with draṣṭum

द्रष्टुम् (draṣṭum) - to see

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Infinitive form of √dṛś (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Used with śakyā to mean 'possible to be seen'

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

वै (vai) - indeed, verily (emphatic particle)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle