महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-38, verse-1

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
स्त्रीणां स्वभावमिच्छामि श्रोतुं भरतसत्तम ।
स्त्रियो हि मूलं दोषाणां लघुचित्ताः पितामह ॥१॥

1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
strīṇāṁ svabhāvamicchāmi śrotuṁ bharatasattama ,
striyo hi mūlaṁ doṣāṇāṁ laghucittāḥ pitāmaha.

1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca strīṇām svabhāvam icchāmi śrotum
bharatasattama striyaḥ hi mūlam doṣāṇām laghucittāḥ pitāmaha

1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca bharatasattama pitāmaha strīṇām svabhāvam
śrotum icchāmi hi striyaḥ doṣāṇām mūlam laghucittāḥ

1. Yudhishthira said: 'O best among the Bhāratas, I wish to hear about the nature of women. Indeed, women are the origin of flaws, O grandfather, for they are fickle-minded.'

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhishthira (proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• स्त्रीणाम् (strīṇām) - of women

• स्वभावम् (svabhāvam) - nature, inherent disposition, character

• इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I desire, I wish

• श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear, to listen

• भरतसत्तम (bharatasattama) - O best of Bharatas, O most excellent among the Bhāratas

• स्त्रियः (striyaḥ) - women

• हि (hi) - indeed, certainly, for

• मूलम् (mūlam) - root, origin, foundation, source

• दोषाणाम् (doṣāṇām) - of faults, of defects, of flaws

• लघुचित्ताः (laghucittāḥ) - light-minded, fickle-minded, frivolous

• पितामह (pitāmaha) - O grandfather

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhishthira (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - firm in battle; a proper noun, eldest of the Pāṇḍavas

Compound 'yudhi' (in battle) + 'sthira' (firm)

Compound type : aluk tatpuruṣa (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle (locative of yudh)
  noun (feminine)
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• sthira – firm, steady, stable
  adjective
  From root sthā
  Root: sthā (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

स्त्रीणाम् (strīṇām) - of women

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of strī

strī - woman, female

स्वभावम् (svabhāvam) - nature, inherent disposition, character

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of svabhāva

svabhāva - one's own state, inherent nature, disposition, character

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+bhāva)

• sva – self, own
  pronoun
• bhāva – state, condition, being, nature, sentiment
  noun (masculine)
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Object of 'icchāmi'.

इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I desire, I wish

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of iṣ

Root: iṣ (class 6)

श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear, to listen

(verb)

infinitive (tumun) of śru

infinitive

Infinitive form of root śru

Root: śru (class 5)

भरतसत्तम (bharatasattama) - O best of Bharatas, O most excellent among the Bhāratas

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatasattama

bharatasattama - best of Bharatas (a lineage, often referring to a king or warrior)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+sattama)

• bharata – a descendant of Bharata, a member of the Bharata lineage, a king
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective
  Superlative suffix -tama

स्त्रियः (striyaḥ) - women

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of strī

strī - woman, female

हि (hi) - indeed, certainly, for

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

मूलम् (mūlam) - root, origin, foundation, source

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mūla

mūla - root, origin, foundation, source

Note: Predicate nominative.

दोषाणाम् (doṣāṇām) - of faults, of defects, of flaws

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of doṣa

doṣa - fault, defect, vice, sin, flaw

Root: duṣ (class 4)

लघुचित्ताः (laghucittāḥ) - light-minded, fickle-minded, frivolous

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of laghucitta

laghucitta - light-minded, fickle-minded, frivolous, inconstant

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (laghu+citta)

• laghu – light, quick, small, unimportant
  adjective
• citta – mind, thought, consciousness
  noun (neuter)
  Root: cit (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'striyaḥ'.

पितामह (pitāmaha) - O grandfather

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pitāmaha

pitāmaha - grandfather (father's father)