महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-102, verse-16

अगस्त्य उवाच ।
कथमेष मया शक्यः शप्तुं यस्य महामुने ।
वरदेन वरो दत्तो भवतो विदितश्च सः ॥१६॥

16. agastya uvāca ,
kathameṣa mayā śakyaḥ śaptuṁ yasya mahāmune ,
varadena varo datto bhavato viditaśca saḥ.

16. agastyaḥ uvāca katham eṣaḥ mayā śakyaḥ śaptum yasya
mahāmune varadena varaḥ dattaḥ bhavataḥ viditaḥ ca saḥ

16. mahāmune,
agastyaḥ uvāca: mayā eṣaḥ katham śaptum śakyaḥ? yasya varadena varaḥ dattaḥ,
ca saḥ bhavataḥ viditaḥ.

16. Agastya said: O great sage, how can I curse this one, to whom a boon was granted by the boon-giver, and that (boon) is known to you?

Words meanings summery:

• अगस्त्यः (agastyaḥ) - Agastya (a famous sage)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• कथम् (katham) - how (how, why, in what manner)

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (person) (this (one), he)

• मया (mayā) - by me

• शक्यः (śakyaḥ) - possible (possible, able, capable of)

• शप्तुम् (śaptum) - to curse

• यस्य (yasya) - to whom (whose, to whom)

• महामुने (mahāmune) - O great sage

• वरदेन (varadena) - by the boon-giver (by the boon-giver, by one who grants boons)

• वरः (varaḥ) - a boon, a blessing

• दत्तः (dattaḥ) - given, granted

• भवतः (bhavataḥ) - known to you (the listener) (by you (respectful), to you (respectful), of you (respectful))

• विदितः (viditaḥ) - known, understood

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• सः (saḥ) - that (boon) (he, that)

Words meanings and morphology

अगस्त्यः (agastyaḥ) - Agastya (a famous sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of agastya

agastya - Agastya (name of a Vedic sage)

Note: Here, in Sandhi with uvāca, the final visarga is dropped.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

perfect active indicative

from √vac (to speak), perfect 3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

कथम् (katham) - how (how, why, in what manner)

(indeclinable)

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (person) (this (one), he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of aham

aham - I

शक्यः (śakyaḥ) - possible (possible, able, capable of)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śakya

śakya - possible, capable, able to be done

gerundive

from √śak (to be able), gerundive suffix -ya

Root: śak (class 5)

शप्तुम् (śaptum) - to curse

(verb)

infinitive (tumun) of śap

infinitive

from √śap (to curse), infinitive suffix -tum

Root: śap (class 1)

यस्य (yasya) - to whom (whose, to whom)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

महामुने (mahāmune) - O great sage

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahāmuni

mahāmuni - great sage

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+muni)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• muni – sage, ascetic
  noun (masculine)

वरदेन (varadena) - by the boon-giver (by the boon-giver, by one who grants boons)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of varada

varada - boon-giver, granting wishes

from vara (boon) + √dā (to give)

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (vara+dā)

• vara – boon, blessing, wish, choice
  noun (masculine)
• da – giver (from √dā)
  noun (masculine)
  derived from √dā (to give)
  Root: dā (class 3)

वरः (varaḥ) - a boon, a blessing

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - boon, blessing, wish, choice

दत्तः (dattaḥ) - given, granted

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of datta

datta - given, granted, presented

past passive participle

from √dā (to give), past passive participle suffix -ta

Root: dā (class 3)

भवतः (bhavataḥ) - known to you (the listener) (by you (respectful), to you (respectful), of you (respectful))

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - your honor, you (respectful)

विदितः (viditaḥ) - known, understood

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidita

vidita - known, understood, perceived

past passive participle

from √vid (to know), past passive participle suffix -ta

Root: vid (class 2)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - that (boon) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it