महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-102, verse-12

तस्य वाहयतः कालो मुनिमुख्यांस्तपोधनान् ।
अहंकाराभिभूतस्य सुमहानत्यवर्तत ॥१२॥

12. tasya vāhayataḥ kālo munimukhyāṁstapodhanān ,
ahaṁkārābhibhūtasya sumahānatyavartata.

12. tasya vāhayataḥ kālaḥ munimukhyān tapodhanān
ahaṃkārābhibhūtasya sumahān atyavartata

12. ahaṃkārābhibhūtasya tasya munimukhyān
tapodhanān vāhayataḥ sumahān kālaḥ atyavartata

12. A very long time passed for him, who, overcome by ego (ahaṅkāra), was making the chief sages, whose wealth was asceticism, carry him.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - of Nahusha (of him, his)

• वाहयतः (vāhayataḥ) - of Nahusha causing the sages to carry him (of him causing to carry, as he made them carry)

• कालः (kālaḥ) - a period of time (time)

• मुनिमुख्यान् (munimukhyān) - chief sages, foremost ascetics

• तपोधनान् (tapodhanān) - ascetics, those whose wealth is asceticism

• अहंकाराभिभूतस्य (ahaṁkārābhibhūtasya) - of him overcome by ego

• सुमहान् (sumahān) - very long (time) (very great, very long)

• अत्यवर्तत (atyavartata) - passed, elapsed

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - of Nahusha (of him, his)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

वाहयतः (vāhayataḥ) - of Nahusha causing the sages to carry him (of him causing to carry, as he made them carry)

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vāhayat

vāhayat - causing to carry, driving

present active participle

Causative of root `vah` (to carry) + `śatṛ` (present participle suffix)

Root: vah (class 1)

Note: Modifies `tasya`.

कालः (kālaḥ) - a period of time (time)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, death

Note: Subject of `atyavartata`.

मुनिमुख्यान् (munimukhyān) - chief sages, foremost ascetics

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of munimukhya

munimukhya - chief sage, principal ascetic

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (muni+mukhya)

• muni – sage, ascetic, recluse
  noun (masculine)
• mukhya – chief, principal, foremost
  adjective

Note: Object of the causative verb `vāhayataḥ`.

तपोधनान् (tapodhanān) - ascetics, those whose wealth is asceticism

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tapodhana

tapodhana - whose wealth is asceticism, rich in penance

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tapas+dhana)

• tapas – asceticism, penance, heat
  noun (neuter)
  Root: tap (class 1)
• dhana – wealth, riches
  noun (neuter)
  Root: dhā

Note: Adjective modifying `munimukhyān`.

अहंकाराभिभूतस्य (ahaṁkārābhibhūtasya) - of him overcome by ego

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ahaṃkārābhibhūta

ahaṁkārābhibhūta - overcome by ego (ahaṅkāra)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ahaṃkāra+abhibhūta)

• ahaṃkāra – ego, egotism, self-consciousness
  noun (masculine)
  from `aham` (I) + `kāra` (maker)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• abhibhūta – overcome, overpowered, conquered
  participle
  past passive participle
  `abhi` (prefix) + root `bhū` (to be, become) + `kta` (past passive participle suffix)
  Prefix: abhi
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Adjective modifying `tasya`.

सुमहान् (sumahān) - very long (time) (very great, very long)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sumahat

sumahat - very great, very large

`su` (prefix) + `mahat` (great)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+mahat)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
• mahat – great, large, important
  adjective
  present participle of root `mah` (to be great) but usually treated as an adjective
  Root: mah (class 1)

Note: Adjective modifying `kālaḥ`.

अत्यवर्तत (atyavartata) - passed, elapsed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of ativṛt

Imperfect 3rd singular middle voice

Prefix: ati

Root: vṛt (class 1)