महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-87, verse-23

यष्टव्यं क्रतुभिर्नित्यं दातव्यं चाप्यपीडया ।
प्रजानां रक्षणं कार्यं न कार्यं कर्म गर्हितम् ॥२३॥

23. yaṣṭavyaṁ kratubhirnityaṁ dātavyaṁ cāpyapīḍayā ,
prajānāṁ rakṣaṇaṁ kāryaṁ na kāryaṁ karma garhitam.

23. yaṣṭavyam kratubhiḥ nityam dātavyam ca api apīḍayā
prajānām rakṣaṇam kāryam na kāryam karma garhitam

23. nityam kratubhiḥ yaṣṭavyam ca api apīḍayā dātavyam
prajānām rakṣaṇam kāryam garhitam karma na kāryam

23. Vedic rituals (kratu) should be performed regularly, and gifts (dāna) should also be given without causing hardship. The protection of the populace must be maintained, and no reprehensible action (karma) should ever be undertaken.

Words meanings summery:

• यष्टव्यम् (yaṣṭavyam) - should be worshipped, should be performed (referring to Vedic rituals)

• क्रतुभिः (kratubhiḥ) - by Vedic rituals, by sacrifices

• नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly, always, perpetually

• दातव्यम् (dātavyam) - should be given, to be given

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• अपीडया (apīḍayā) - without distress, without causing pain, without hardship

• प्रजानाम् (prajānām) - of the people, of the subjects, of the progeny

• रक्षणम् (rakṣaṇam) - protection, guarding

• कार्यम् (kāryam) - should be done, to be done, duty

• न (na) - not, no

• कार्यम् (kāryam) - should be done, to be done

• कर्म (karma) - action, deed, work

• गर्हितम् (garhitam) - condemned, blameworthy, censured, reprehensible

Words meanings and morphology

यष्टव्यम् (yaṣṭavyam) - should be worshipped, should be performed (referring to Vedic rituals)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yaṣṭavya

yaṣṭavya - to be worshipped, to be sacrificed, to be performed (as a ritual)

Gerundive (Future Passive Participle)

From root 'yaj' (to worship, sacrifice).

Root: yaj (class 1)

Note: Used predicatively, implying 'it should be performed'.

क्रतुभिः (kratubhiḥ) - by Vedic rituals, by sacrifices

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kratu

kratu - Vedic ritual, sacrifice; power, ability, resolve, will

Note: Indicates the agent or means of the action 'yaṣṭavyam'.

नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly, always, perpetually

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially here.

दातव्यम् (dātavyam) - should be given, to be given

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dātavya

dātavya - to be given, what should be given

Gerundive (Future Passive Participle)

From root 'dā' (to give).

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Used predicatively, implying 'it should be given'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

अपीडया (apīḍayā) - without distress, without causing pain, without hardship

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of apīḍā

apīḍā - absence of pain, freedom from distress, lack of harm

Compound of 'a' (negation) + 'pīḍā' (pain, distress).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+pīḍā)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negation particle
• pīḍā – pain, torment, affliction, distress, oppression
  noun (feminine)
  From root 'pīḍ' (to oppress, afflict).
  Root: pīḍ (class 10)

Note: Indicates the manner of giving.

प्रजानाम् (prajānām) - of the people, of the subjects, of the progeny

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of prajā

prajā - progeny, offspring, people, subjects, creation

From root 'jan' (to be born) with prefix 'pra'.

Prefix: pra

Root: jan (class 4)

रक्षणम् (rakṣaṇam) - protection, guarding

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rakṣaṇa

rakṣaṇa - protecting, guarding; protection, preservation

verbal noun

From root 'rakṣ' (to protect) with -ana suffix.

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

कार्यम् (kāryam) - should be done, to be done, duty

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, duty, action, business

Gerundive (Future Passive Participle)

From root 'kṛ' (to do, make).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Used predicatively.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

कार्यम् (kāryam) - should be done, to be done

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, duty, action, business

Gerundive (Future Passive Participle)

From root 'kṛ' (to do, make).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Used predicatively.

कर्म (karma) - action, deed, work

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, work, ritual action, fate

From root 'kṛ' (to do, make).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

गर्हितम् (garhitam) - condemned, blameworthy, censured, reprehensible

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of garhita

garhita - censured, blamed, reproached, abominable

Past Passive Participle

From root 'garh' (to blame, censure).

Root: garh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'karma'.