महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-87, verse-18

पूजयेद्धार्मिकान्राजा निगृह्णीयादधार्मिकान् ।
नियुञ्ज्याच्च प्रयत्नेन सर्ववर्णान्स्वकर्मसु ॥१८॥

18. pūjayeddhārmikānrājā nigṛhṇīyādadhārmikān ,
niyuñjyācca prayatnena sarvavarṇānsvakarmasu.

18. pūjayet dhārmikān rājā nigṛhṇīyāt adhārmikān |
niyuñjyāt ca prayatnena sarvavarṇān svakarmasu

18. rājā dhārmikān pūjayet adhārmikān nigṛhṇīyāt
ca prayatnena sarvavarṇān svakarmasu niyuñjyāt

18. The king should honor those who uphold righteousness (dharma) and suppress the unrighteous. And he should diligently engage all social classes in their respective duties (karma).

Words meanings summery:

• पूजयेत् (pūjayet) - should honor (should honor, should worship)

• धार्मिकान् (dhārmikān) - those who uphold righteousness (dharma) (the righteous, those who uphold dharma)

• राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

• निगृह्णीयात् (nigṛhṇīyāt) - should suppress/punish (should suppress, should restrain, should punish)

• अधार्मिकान् (adhārmikān) - the unrighteous (the unrighteous, those who do not uphold dharma)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• प्रयत्नेन (prayatnena) - diligently, carefully (with effort, diligently, carefully)

• सर्ववर्णान् (sarvavarṇān) - all social classes (all classes, all castes)

• स्वकर्मसु (svakarmasu) - in their respective duties (karma) (in their own actions/duties/tasks)

• नियुञ्ज्यात् (niyuñjyāt) - should diligently engage (should appoint, should employ, should engage)

Words meanings and morphology

पूजयेत् (pūjayet) - should honor (should honor, should worship)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of pūj

Optative Mood, 3rd Person, Singular, Active Voice

Root pūj in 10th class (pūjaya) + optative ending.

Root: pūj (class 10)

धार्मिकान् (dhārmikān) - those who uphold righteousness (dharma) (the righteous, those who uphold dharma)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dhārmika

dhārmika - righteous, virtuous, pious, observing dharma

From dharma (natural law, righteousness) + -ika (suffix indicating belonging to or related to).

Note: Functions as a substantive here (the righteous ones).

राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: The implied subject of the verbs pūjayet, nigṛhṇīyāt, niyuñjyāt.

निगृह्णीयात् (nigṛhṇīyāt) - should suppress/punish (should suppress, should restrain, should punish)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of nigrah

Optative Mood, 3rd Person, Singular, Active Voice

From ni (down) + root grah (to seize, to take).

Prefix: ni

Root: grah (class 9)

अधार्मिकान् (adhārmikān) - the unrighteous (the unrighteous, those who do not uphold dharma)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of adhārmika

adhārmika - unrighteous, impious, wicked, not observing dharma

Negative prefix a- + dhārmika.

Compound type : Nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+dhārmika)

• a – not, un-, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• dhārmika – righteous, virtuous, pious, observing dharma
  adjective (masculine)
  From dharma + -ika.

Note: Functions as a substantive here (the unrighteous ones).

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

प्रयत्नेन (prayatnena) - diligently, carefully (with effort, diligently, carefully)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of prayatna

prayatna - effort, exertion, endeavor, diligence

From pra (forward) + yatna (effort). Root yat (to strive).

Prefix: pra

Root: yat (class 1)

सर्ववर्णान् (sarvavarṇān) - all social classes (all classes, all castes)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarvavarṇa

sarvavarṇa - all classes, all castes, all colors

Compound: sarva (all) + varṇa (class, color, caste).

Compound type : Karmadhāraya (sarva+varṇa)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  pronoun (masculine)
• varṇa – color, class, caste, quality, letter (of alphabet)
  noun (masculine)
  From root vṛ (to cover, to choose).
  Root: vṛ (class 5)

स्वकर्मसु (svakarmasu) - in their respective duties (karma) (in their own actions/duties/tasks)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of svakarman

svakarman - in one's own duties/actions

Compound: sva (one's own) + karman (action, duty).

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (sva+karman)

• sva – one's own, self
  pronoun (neuter)
• karman – action, deed, work, duty, religious rite, consequence of action (karma)
  noun (neuter)
  From root kṛ (to do, to make) + suffix -man.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

नियुञ्ज्यात् (niyuñjyāt) - should diligently engage (should appoint, should employ, should engage)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of niyuj

Optative Mood, 3rd Person, Singular, Active Voice

From ni (down, into) + root yuj (to join, to yoke, to apply).

Prefix: ni

Root: yuj (class 7)