महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-35, verse-12

आधानादीनि कर्माणि शक्तिमान्न करोति यः ।
अप्रयच्छंश्च सर्वाणि नित्यं देयानि भारत ॥१२॥

12. ādhānādīni karmāṇi śaktimānna karoti yaḥ ,
aprayacchaṁśca sarvāṇi nityaṁ deyāni bhārata.

12. ādhānādīni karmāṇi śaktimān na karoti yaḥ
aprayacchan ca sarvāṇi nityam deyāni bhārata

12. bhārata! yaḥ śaktimān ādhānādīni karmāṇi na
karoti ca sarvāṇi nityam deyāni aprayacchan

12. O Bhārata, whoever, despite being capable, does not perform rituals such as the establishment of sacred fires (ādhāna) and also fails to regularly give all that is due.

Words meanings summery:

• आधानादीनि (ādhānādīni) - rituals such as the establishment of sacred fires (beginning with the ādhāna (ritual), etc., the ādhāna and other (rituals))

• कर्माणि (karmāṇi) - religious rituals, duties (karma) (actions, deeds, rituals)

• शक्तिमान् (śaktimān) - powerful, capable, endowed with strength

• न (na) - not

• करोति (karoti) - does, performs, makes

• यः (yaḥ) - whoever, he who

• अप्रयच्छन् (aprayacchan) - not giving

• च (ca) - and

• सर्वाणि (sarvāṇi) - all things that are due or customary (all (things))

• नित्यम् (nityam) - regularly, always, constantly

• देयानि (deyāni) - to be given, due

• भारत (bhārata) - O Arjuna, addressing a descendant of Bharata (O Bhārata (descendant of Bharata))

Words meanings and morphology

आधानादीनि (ādhānādīni) - rituals such as the establishment of sacred fires (beginning with the ādhāna (ritual), etc., the ādhāna and other (rituals))

(adjective)

neuter, plural of ādhānādi

ādhānādi - beginning with the ādhāna (ritual)

Compound of 'ādhāna' (establishment of sacred fires) + 'ādi' (beginning, etc.).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ādhāna+ādi)

• ādhāna – placing, depositing, establishment (of sacred fires)
  noun (neuter)
  Verbal noun
  From root 'dhā' (to place, put) with prefix 'ā'.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• ādi – beginning, first, etcetera
  noun/indeclinable (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'karmāṇi'.

कर्माणि (karmāṇi) - religious rituals, duties (karma) (actions, deeds, rituals)

(noun)

neuter, plural of karma

karma - action, deed, work, ritual (karma)

From root 'kṛ' (to do) + suffix '-man'.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: The objects of 'karoti'.

शक्तिमान् (śaktimān) - powerful, capable, endowed with strength

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śaktimat

śaktimat - possessed of power, capable, strong

Derived from 'śakti' (power) + possessive suffix 'mat'.

Note: Qualifies the implied subject 'he' (yaḥ).

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

करोति (karoti) - does, performs, makes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of kṛ

Present indicative, 3rd person singular, active voice. Root 'kṛ' is class 8.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: The verb for 'yaḥ'.

यः (yaḥ) - whoever, he who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Relative pronoun, masculine nominative singular.

Note: Subject of 'karoti'.

अप्रयच्छन् (aprayacchan) - not giving

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aprayacchat

aprayacchat - not giving, failing to give

Present Active Participle (negative)

From 'a-' (negative) + 'pra-' (prefix) + root 'yam' (to give, control) + 'śatṛ' (present active participle suffix). The stem is 'prayacchant-'.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+prayacchat)

• a – not, un-, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• prayacchat – giving, offering, extending
  participle (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  From root 'yam' (to give, control) with prefix 'pra'. 'śatṛ' suffix.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'yaḥ'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Connects the two improper actions ('na karoti' and 'aprayacchan').

सर्वाणि (sarvāṇi) - all things that are due or customary (all (things))

(pronoun)

neuter, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Universal pronoun.

Note: Object of 'aprayacchan'.

नित्यम् (nityam) - regularly, always, constantly

(indeclinable)

Often used adverbially.

देयानि (deyāni) - to be given, due

(adjective)

neuter, plural of deya

deya - to be given, due, fit to be given

Gerundive / Future Passive Participle

From root 'dā' (to give) + suffix '-ya'.

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Acts as an adjective, 'things to be given'.

भारत (bhārata) - O Arjuna, addressing a descendant of Bharata (O Bhārata (descendant of Bharata))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - a descendant of Bharata, an Indian, a warrior

Vocative singular of 'bhārata'.

Note: An address to the listener.