महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-24, verse-8

सोऽब्रवीद्भ्रातरं ज्येष्ठमुपस्पृश्याभिवाद्य च ।
इत एव गृहीतानि मयेति प्रहसन्निव ॥८॥

8. so'bravīdbhrātaraṁ jyeṣṭhamupaspṛśyābhivādya ca ,
ita eva gṛhītāni mayeti prahasanniva.

8. saḥ abravīt bhrātaram jyeṣṭham upaspṛśya abhivādya
ca itaḥ eva gṛhītāni mayā iti prahasan iva

8. saḥ jyeṣṭham bhrātaram upaspṛśya abhivādya ca,
itaḥ eva mayā gṛhītāni iti iva prahasan abravīt

8. He said to his elder brother, after touching him and saluting him, 'They were taken by me from this very spot,' as if laughing.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - He (Likhita) (he, that)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said (said, spoke)

• भ्रातरम् (bhrātaram) - his brother (Śaṅkha) (brother)

• ज्येष्ठम् (jyeṣṭham) - eldest (eldest, chief, best)

• उपस्पृश्य (upaspṛśya) - having touched (his brother) (having touched, after touching)

• अभिवाद्य (abhivādya) - having saluted (his brother) (having saluted, after bowing down)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• इतः (itaḥ) - from this very spot (from here, from this place)

• एव (eva) - very (spot) (indeed, only, very)

• गृहीतानि (gṛhītāni) - (they were) taken (taken, seized, received)

• मया (mayā) - by me

• इति (iti) - (quotation marker) (thus, so, a quotation marker)

• प्रहसन् (prahasan) - as if laughing (laughing, smiling)

• इव (iva) - as if (as, like, as if)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - He (Likhita) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Likhita.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of brū

Root verb, Atmanepada/Parasmaipada, second conjugation (adādi).

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Imperfect tense, third person singular.

भ्रातरम् (bhrātaram) - his brother (Śaṅkha) (brother)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

Note: Object of 'abravīt'.

ज्येष्ठम् (jyeṣṭham) - eldest (eldest, chief, best)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jyeṣṭha

jyeṣṭha - eldest, senior, chief, best

Superlative degree of 'vṛddha' (old).

Note: Qualifies 'bhrātaram'.

उपस्पृश्य (upaspṛśya) - having touched (his brother) (having touched, after touching)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Absolutive (gerund) form using -ya suffix after prefix.

Prefix: upa

Root: spṛś (class 6)

Note: Absolutive indicating a completed action prior to the main verb.

अभिवाद्य (abhivādya) - having saluted (his brother) (having saluted, after bowing down)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Absolutive (gerund) form using -ya suffix after prefix.

Prefix: abhi

Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Absolutive indicating a completed action prior to the main verb.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Joins the two absolutives.

इतः (itaḥ) - from this very spot (from here, from this place)

(indeclinable)

Derivation from 'idam' (this) with suffix -tas.

Note: Specifies origin.

एव (eva) - very (spot) (indeed, only, very)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes 'itaḥ'.

गृहीतानि (gṛhītāni) - (they were) taken (taken, seized, received)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of gṛhīta

gṛhīta - taken, seized, held, received

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'grah' (to seize, take) with passive participle suffix -ta.

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Refers to implied objects (fruits).

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Agent in a passive construction.

इति (iti) - (quotation marker) (thus, so, a quotation marker)

(indeclinable)

Note: Quotation marker.

प्रहसन् (prahasan) - as if laughing (laughing, smiling)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prahasat

prahasat - laughing, smiling

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'has' (to laugh) with prefix 'pra', and present active participle suffix -at.

Prefix: pra

Root: has (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'saḥ', indicating the manner of speaking.

इव (iva) - as if (as, like, as if)

(indeclinable)

Note: Expresses similitude.