महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-24, verse-16

सुद्युम्न उवाच ।
प्रमाणं चेन्मतो राजा भवतो दण्डधारणे ।
अनुज्ञायामपि तथा हेतुः स्याद्ब्राह्मणर्षभ ॥१६॥

16. sudyumna uvāca ,
pramāṇaṁ cenmato rājā bhavato daṇḍadhāraṇe ,
anujñāyāmapi tathā hetuḥ syādbrāhmaṇarṣabha.

16. sudyumnaḥ uvāca | pramāṇam cet mataḥ rājā bhavataḥ
daṇḍadhāraṇe | anujñāyām api tathā hetuḥ syāt brāhmaṇarṣabha

16. sudyumnaḥ uvāca brāhmaṇarṣabha,
cet bhavataḥ daṇḍadhāraṇe rājā pramāṇam mataḥ,
tathā anujñāyām api hetuḥ syāt.

16. Sudyumna said: "If, in your opinion, the king is the ultimate authority (pramāṇa) in administering punishment (daṇḍa), then, O best of Brahmins, he should similarly be the authority for granting permission."

Words meanings summery:

• सुद्युम्नः (sudyumnaḥ) - Sudyumna

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• प्रमाणम् (pramāṇam) - authority, standard, evidence, measure

• चेत् (cet) - if, provided that

• मतः (mataḥ) - considered, thought, esteemed

• राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

• भवतः (bhavataḥ) - in your opinion (of you, for you (honorific))

• दण्डधारणे (daṇḍadhāraṇe) - in wielding the staff, in administering punishment

• अनुज्ञायाम् (anujñāyām) - in permission, in approval, in consent

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• तथा (tathā) - similarly, thus, so

• हेतुः (hetuḥ) - reason, cause, motive

• स्यात् (syāt) - may be, should be, would be

• ब्राह्मणर्षभ (brāhmaṇarṣabha) - O best among Brahmins

Words meanings and morphology

सुद्युम्नः (sudyumnaḥ) - Sudyumna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sudyumna

sudyumna - Sudyumna (a name of a king)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense form of √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

प्रमाणम् (pramāṇam) - authority, standard, evidence, measure

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pramāṇa

pramāṇa - authority, standard, evidence, measure

Derived from pra- + √mā (to measure)

Prefix: pra

Root: mā (class 2)

चेत् (cet) - if, provided that

(indeclinable)

मतः (mataḥ) - considered, thought, esteemed

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mata

mata - considered, thought, esteemed; opinion, doctrine

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √man (to think)

Root: man (class 4)

राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

भवतः (bhavataḥ) - in your opinion (of you, for you (honorific))

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - you (honorific), your honor

Present Active Participle (honorific usage)

Derived from √bhū (to be)

Root: bhū (class 1)

दण्डधारणे (daṇḍadhāraṇe) - in wielding the staff, in administering punishment

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of daṇḍadhāraṇa

daṇḍadhāraṇa - wielding of the staff, administering punishment

Compound type : tatpurusha (daṇḍa+dhāraṇa)

• daṇḍa – staff, rod, punishment (daṇḍa), justice
  noun (masculine)
• dhāraṇa – holding, bearing, wielding, supporting
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from the root √dhṛ (to hold)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

अनुज्ञायाम् (anujñāyām) - in permission, in approval, in consent

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of anujñā

anujñā - permission, assent, approval

Derived from anu- + √jñā (to know)

Prefix: anu

Root: jñā (class 9)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

तथा (tathā) - similarly, thus, so

(indeclinable)

हेतुः (hetuḥ) - reason, cause, motive

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hetu

hetu - cause, reason, motive, instrument

Root: hi (class 5)

स्यात् (syāt) - may be, should be, would be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of as

Optative mood form of √as

Root: as (class 2)

ब्राह्मणर्षभ (brāhmaṇarṣabha) - O best among Brahmins

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇarṣabha

brāhmaṇarṣabha - best of Brahmins, pre-eminent Brahmin

Compound type : tatpurusha (brāhmaṇa+ṛṣabha)

• brāhmaṇa – Brahmin, relating to Brahman
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull; best, chief, pre-eminent
  noun (masculine)