महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-24, verse-12

सुद्युम्नस्त्वन्तपालेभ्यः श्रुत्वा लिखितमागतम् ।
अभ्यगच्छत्सहामात्यः पद्भ्यामेव नरेश्वरः ॥१२॥

12. sudyumnastvantapālebhyaḥ śrutvā likhitamāgatam ,
abhyagacchatsahāmātyaḥ padbhyāmeva nareśvaraḥ.

12. sudyumnaḥ tu antapālebhyaḥ śrutvā likhitam āgatam
abhyagacchat saha-āmātyaḥ padbhyām eva nara-īśvaraḥ

12. sudyumnaḥ nara-īśvaraḥ tu antapālebhyaḥ āgatam
likhitam śrutvā saha-āmātyaḥ padbhyām eva abhyagacchat

12. But King Sudyumna, having heard the message that had arrived from the border guards, went forth with his ministers on foot.

Words meanings summery:

• सुद्युम्नः (sudyumnaḥ) - King Sudyumna (Sudyumna (a proper name))

• तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, yet)

• अन्तपालेभ्यः (antapālebhyaḥ) - from the border guards (from the border guards, to the border guards)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• लिखितम् (likhitam) - message (written (thing), letter, message)

• आगतम् (āgatam) - that had arrived (arrived, come; that which has arrived)

• अभ्यगच्छत् (abhyagacchat) - went forth (he went towards, he approached)

• सह-आमात्यः (saha-āmātyaḥ) - with his ministers (with ministers, accompanied by ministers)

• पद्भ्याम् (padbhyām) - on foot (by feet, with feet)

• एव (eva) - (emphasis, implying 'only on foot') (only, indeed, just)

• नर-ईश्वरः (nara-īśvaraḥ) - King (lord of men, king)

Words meanings and morphology

सुद्युम्नः (sudyumnaḥ) - King Sudyumna (Sudyumna (a proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sudyumna

sudyumna - Sudyumna (a name)

तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, yet)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle

अन्तपालेभ्यः (antapālebhyaḥ) - from the border guards (from the border guards, to the border guards)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, plural of antapāla

antapāla - border guard, frontier guardian

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (anta+pāla)

• anta – end, boundary, frontier
  noun (masculine)
• pāla – protector, guard
  noun (masculine)
  Root: pāl (class 1)

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root śru (to hear) with suffix -tvā

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Absolutivum

लिखितम् (likhitam) - message (written (thing), letter, message)

(past passive participle)

Note: Accusative of a verbal noun formed from PPP.

आगतम् (āgatam) - that had arrived (arrived, come; that which has arrived)

(past passive participle)

Note: Modifies likhitam.

अभ्यगच्छत् (abhyagacchat) - went forth (he went towards, he approached)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhigam

Imperfect

Third person, singular, active voice, imperfect tense

Prefix: abhi

Root: gam (class 1)

सह-आमात्यः (saha-āmātyaḥ) - with his ministers (with ministers, accompanied by ministers)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sahāmātya

sahāmātya - accompanied by ministers

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (saha+amātya)

• saha – with, together
  indeclinable
• amātya – minister, cabinet member
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies Sudyumna.

पद्भ्याम् (padbhyām) - on foot (by feet, with feet)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, dual of pad

pad - foot

Note: Refers to both feet.

एव (eva) - (emphasis, implying 'only on foot') (only, indeed, just)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle

नर-ईश्वरः (nara-īśvaraḥ) - King (lord of men, king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nareśvara

nareśvara - lord of men, king

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+īśvara)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• īśvara – lord, master, ruler, god
  noun (masculine)

Note: Appositive to Sudyumna.