महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-12, chapter-24, verse-22
स गत्वा बाहुदां शीघ्रं तर्पयस्व यथाविधि ।
देवान्पितॄनृषींश्चैव मा चाधर्मे मनः कृथाः ॥२२॥
देवान्पितॄनृषींश्चैव मा चाधर्मे मनः कृथाः ॥२२॥
22. sa gatvā bāhudāṁ śīghraṁ tarpayasva yathāvidhi ,
devānpitṝnṛṣīṁścaiva mā cādharme manaḥ kṛthāḥ.
devānpitṝnṛṣīṁścaiva mā cādharme manaḥ kṛthāḥ.
22.
sa gatvā bāhudām śīghram tarpayasva yathā-vidhi
devān pitṝn ṛṣīn ca eva mā ca adharme manaḥ kṛthāḥ
devān pitṝn ṛṣīn ca eva mā ca adharme manaḥ kṛthāḥ
22.
gatvā bāhudām śīghram yathā-vidhi devān pitṝn ca
ṛṣīn eva tarpayasva ca adharme manaḥ mā kṛthāḥ
ṛṣīn eva tarpayasva ca adharme manaḥ mā kṛthāḥ
22.
Go quickly to the Bahudā (river) and propitiate the gods, ancestors, and sages according to the prescribed ritual. And do not set your mind on unrighteousness (adharma) again.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- स (sa) - Refers to Lichita, who is being addressed. (you (implied))
- गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone, after going
- बाहुदाम् (bāhudām) - Refers to a specific sacred river. (to the Bahudā (river))
- शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - quickly, swiftly
- तर्पयस्व (tarpayasva) - Offer oblations to satisfy the deities. (propitiate, satisfy, refresh)
- यथा-विधि (yathā-vidhi) - According to prescribed rites. (according to rule, properly, ritually)
- देवान् (devān) - The celestial beings to be propitiated. (the gods)
- पितॄन् (pitṝn) - The ancestral spirits to be propitiated. (the ancestors, fathers)
- ऋषीन् (ṛṣīn) - The ancient wise sages to be honored. (the sages, seers)
- च (ca) - and, also
- एव (eva) - Emphatic particle. (only, just, indeed)
- मा (mā) - Particle for prohibition with injunctive. (do not)
- च (ca) - and, also
- अधर्मे (adharme) - In a state of violating dharma. (in unrighteousness, in violation of natural law (dharma))
- मनः (manaḥ) - Your intention or inclination. (mind, intellect, heart)
- कृथाः (kṛthāḥ) - You should set (your mind). (you should make, you should do, you should place)
Words meanings and morphology
स (sa) - Refers to Lichita, who is being addressed. (you (implied))
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone, after going
(indeclinable)
absolutive (gerund)
Derived from root gam (1st class) with suffix -tvā
Root: gam (class 1)
बाहुदाम् (bāhudām) - Refers to a specific sacred river. (to the Bahudā (river))
(proper noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of bāhudā
bāhudā - name of a river
Note: The object of going.
शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - quickly, swiftly
(indeclinable)
Note: Adverb.
तर्पयस्व (tarpayasva) - Offer oblations to satisfy the deities. (propitiate, satisfy, refresh)
(verb)
2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of tṛp
imperative causative
2nd person singular imperative middle (Ātmanepada) of the causative from root tṛp (4th class)
Root: tṛp (class 4)
यथा-विधि (yathā-vidhi) - According to prescribed rites. (according to rule, properly, ritually)
(indeclinable)
Compound type : avyayibhāva (yathā+vidhi)
- yathā – as, in which way
indeclinable - vidhi – rule, sacred precept, manner
noun (masculine)
Prefix: vi
Root: dhā (class 3)
Note: Adverbial compound.
देवान् (devān) - The celestial beings to be propitiated. (the gods)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of deva
deva - god, deity
Root: div (class 4)
Note: Object of 'tarpayasva'.
पितॄन् (pitṝn) - The ancestral spirits to be propitiated. (the ancestors, fathers)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of pitṛ
pitṛ - father, ancestor
Note: Object of 'tarpayasva'.
ऋषीन् (ṛṣīn) - The ancient wise sages to be honored. (the sages, seers)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of ṛṣi
ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet
Note: Object of 'tarpayasva'.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
एव (eva) - Emphatic particle. (only, just, indeed)
(indeclinable)
मा (mā) - Particle for prohibition with injunctive. (do not)
(indeclinable)
Note: Prohibition.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
अधर्मे (adharme) - In a state of violating dharma. (in unrighteousness, in violation of natural law (dharma))
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of adharma
adharma - unrighteousness, un-natural law, wrong conduct
Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+dharma)
- a – not, non-, un-
indeclinable - dharma – natural law, duty, righteousness, constitution
noun (masculine)
Root: dhṛ
Note: On / in unrighteousness.
मनः (manaḥ) - Your intention or inclination. (mind, intellect, heart)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of manas
manas - mind, intellect, heart, intention
Root: man (class 4)
Note: Object of 'kṛthāḥ'.
कृथाः (kṛthāḥ) - You should set (your mind). (you should make, you should do, you should place)
(verb)
2nd person , singular, middle, injunctive aorist (luṅ) of kṛ
injunctive aorist
2nd person singular aorist injunctive middle (Ātmanepada) of root kṛ (8th class). Used with mā for prohibition.
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: With 'mā' for prohibition.