महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-24, verse-10

अदत्तादानमेवेदं कृतं पार्थिवसत्तम ।
स्तेनं मां त्वं विदित्वा च स्वधर्ममनुपालय ।
शीघ्रं धारय चौरस्य मम दण्डं नराधिप ॥१०॥

10. adattādānamevedaṁ kṛtaṁ pārthivasattama ,
stenaṁ māṁ tvaṁ viditvā ca svadharmamanupālaya ,
śīghraṁ dhāraya caurasya mama daṇḍaṁ narādhipa.

10. adattādānam eva idam kṛtam
pārthivasattama stenam mām tvam viditvā ca
svadharmam anupālaya śīghram
dhāraya caurasyam mama daṇḍam narādhipa

10. he pārthivasattama,
idam eva adattādānam kṛtam.
tvam ca mām stenam viditvā svadharmam anupālaya.
he narādhipa,
caurasyam daṇḍam mama śīghram dhāraya.

10. This, indeed, is an act of taking what was not given, O best of kings! Knowing me to be a thief, you must uphold your own natural law (dharma). O ruler of men, quickly inflict the punishment due to a thief upon me.

Words meanings summery:

• अदत्तादानम् (adattādānam) - an act of taking what was not given (taking what is not given, theft)

• एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, very)

• इदम् (idam) - this (act) (this)

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - is committed (done, made, performed)

• पार्थिवसत्तम (pārthivasattama) - O best of kings! (best of kings)

• स्तेनम् (stenam) - a thief (thief, robber)

• माम् (mām) - me

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• विदित्वा (viditvā) - knowing (having known, knowing)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• स्वधर्मम् (svadharmam) - your own natural law (dharma) (one's own natural law (dharma), one's own duty)

• अनुपालय (anupālaya) - uphold (uphold, protect, follow)

• शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - quickly (quickly, swiftly, soon)

• धारय (dhāraya) - inflict (hold, bear, inflict (imperative))

• चौरस्यम् (caurasyam) - due to a thief (of a thief)

• मम (mama) - upon me (my, to me)

• दण्डम् (daṇḍam) - the punishment (punishment, stick, rod)

• नराधिप (narādhipa) - O ruler of men! (ruler of men, king)

Words meanings and morphology

अदत्तादानम् (adattādānam) - an act of taking what was not given (taking what is not given, theft)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of adattādāna

adattādāna - taking what is not given, theft

Compound of 'adatta' (not given) and 'ādāna' (taking).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (adatta+ādāna)

• adatta – not given, ungranted
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Negative particle 'a' + PPP of 'dā' (to give).
  Root: dā (class 3)
• ādāna – taking, seizing, receiving
  noun (neuter)
  From 'ā-dā' (to take).
  Prefix: ā
  Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, very)

(indeclinable)

इदम् (idam) - this (act) (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Refers to 'adattādānam'.

कृतम् (kṛtam) - is committed (done, made, performed)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'kṛ' (to do, make) with passive participle suffix -ta.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

पार्थिवसत्तम (pārthivasattama) - O best of kings! (best of kings)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārthivasattama

pārthivasattama - best among kings, chief of rulers

Compound of 'pārthiva' (king) and 'sattama' (best).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pārthiva+sattama)

• pārthiva – king, earthly, royal
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from 'pṛthivī' (earth).
• sattama – best, excellent, most eminent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of 'sat' (good, existing).

Note: Addressed to the king (Sudyumna).

स्तेनम् (stenam) - a thief (thief, robber)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of stena

stena - thief, robber

Note: Predicate accusative to 'mām'.

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Object of 'viditvā'.

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular)

Note: Subject of 'anupālaya' and 'viditvā'.

विदित्वा (viditvā) - knowing (having known, knowing)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Absolutive (gerund) form from root 'vid' (to know) with suffix -tvā.

Root: vid (class 2)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

स्वधर्मम् (svadharmam) - your own natural law (dharma) (one's own natural law (dharma), one's own duty)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of svadharma

svadharma - one's own natural law (dharma), one's own duty, personal constitution

Compound of 'sva' (own) and 'dharma' (duty, law, constitution).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+dharma)

• sva – own, self
  pronoun
• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness (dharma)
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'dhṛ' (to uphold, sustain).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'anupālaya'.

अनुपालय (anupālaya) - uphold (uphold, protect, follow)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of anupāl

Derived from root 'pāl' (to protect) with prefix 'anu'.

Prefix: anu

Root: pāl (class 10)

Note: Second person singular imperative.

शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - quickly (quickly, swiftly, soon)

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies 'dhāraya'.

धारय (dhāraya) - inflict (hold, bear, inflict (imperative))

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of dhāray

Causative stem from root 'dhṛ' (to bear, hold), second conjugation (dhātupāṭha class 10).

Root: dhṛ (class 10)

Note: Second person singular imperative.

चौरस्यम् (caurasyam) - due to a thief (of a thief)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of caura

caura - thief, robber

Note: Possessive, 'of the thief'.

मम (mama) - upon me (my, to me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Possessive, here indicating the recipient of the punishment.

दण्डम् (daṇḍam) - the punishment (punishment, stick, rod)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of daṇḍa

daṇḍa - stick, staff, punishment, fine, authority

Note: Object of 'dhāraya'.

नराधिप (narādhipa) - O ruler of men! (ruler of men, king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of narādhipa

narādhipa - ruler of men, king

Compound of 'nara' (man) and 'adhipa' (ruler).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+adhipa)

• nara – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – ruler, lord, master
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressed to the king (Sudyumna).