महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-24, verse-27

शङ्ख उवाच ।
एवमेतन्मया कार्यं नाहं दण्डधरस्तव ।
स च पूतो नरपतिस्त्वं चापि पितृभिः सह ॥२७॥

27. śaṅkha uvāca ,
evametanmayā kāryaṁ nāhaṁ daṇḍadharastava ,
sa ca pūto narapatistvaṁ cāpi pitṛbhiḥ saha.

27. śaṅkhaḥ uvāca evam etat mayā kāryam na aham daṇḍadharaḥ
tava saḥ ca pūtaḥ narapatiḥ tvam ca api pitṛbhiḥ saha

27. śaṅkhaḥ uvāca evam etat mayā
kāryam (asti) hi aham tava daṇḍadharaḥ
na saḥ ca narapatiḥ pūtaḥ
tvam ca api pitṛbhiḥ saha (pūtaḥ)

27. Śaṅkha spoke: 'This is indeed my duty (karma), for I am not your punisher. That king (narapati) is purified, and you too are purified along with your ancestors.'

Words meanings summery:

• शङ्खः (śaṅkhaḥ) - Śaṅkha (proper name of the speaker) (conch, Śaṅkha (proper name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - Śaṅkha spoke (he said, he spoke)

• एवम् (evam) - thus, indeed (emphasizing the statement) (thus, in this manner, indeed)

• एतत् (etat) - this (action, referring to Śaṅkha's role) (this, this (thing))

• मया (mayā) - by me (Śaṅkha) (by me)

• कार्यम् (kāryam) - my duty, what is to be done by me (to be done, duty, action, work)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अहम् (aham) - I (Śaṅkha) (I, myself)

• दण्डधरः (daṇḍadharaḥ) - punisher (of you) (wielder of the rod, punisher, king)

• तव (tava) - your (Likhita's) (your, of you)

• सः (saḥ) - that (king) (he, that (person))

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• पूतः (pūtaḥ) - purified (from sin) (purified, clean, holy)

• नरपतिः (narapatiḥ) - the king (who inflicted the punishment) (lord of men, king)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (Likhita) (you)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अपि (api) - also, too (also, even, too)

• पितृभिः (pitṛbhiḥ) - along with (your) ancestors (by the fathers, with the ancestors)

• सह (saha) - along with (with, along with)

Words meanings and morphology

शङ्खः (śaṅkhaḥ) - Śaṅkha (proper name of the speaker) (conch, Śaṅkha (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śaṅkha

śaṅkha - conch, Śaṅkha (name of a sage/person)

Masculine singular nominative.

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - Śaṅkha spoke (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (lit) of vac

perfect past tense

Root 'vac' (2nd class), 3rd person singular perfect active.

Root: vac (class 2)

एवम् (evam) - thus, indeed (emphasizing the statement) (thus, in this manner, indeed)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial particle.

एतत् (etat) - this (action, referring to Śaṅkha's role) (this, this (thing))

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this (near)

Demonstrative pronoun, neuter singular nominative.

Note: Subject of implied 'asti' (is).

मया (mayā) - by me (Śaṅkha) (by me)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of aham

aham - I, myself

First person singular instrumental.

Note: Agent in passive construction with 'kāryam'.

कार्यम् (kāryam) - my duty, what is to be done by me (to be done, duty, action, work)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, duty, action, work, business

gerundive (future passive participle)

From root 'kṛ' (to do) with suffix -ya (ṇyat). Means 'to be done' or 'that which should be done'. Here used as a noun 'duty'. Neuter singular nominative.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicate nominative for 'etat'.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

अहम् (aham) - I (Śaṅkha) (I, myself)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of aham

aham - I, myself

First person singular nominative.

Note: Subject of implied 'am'.

दण्डधरः (daṇḍadharaḥ) - punisher (of you) (wielder of the rod, punisher, king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daṇḍadhara

daṇḍadhara - bearing a staff, wielder of punishment, king, punisher

Compound 'daṇḍa' (rod/punishment) + 'dhara' (bearing). Masculine singular nominative.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (daṇḍa+dhara)

• daṇḍa – rod, staff, punishment
  noun (masculine)
• dhara – bearing, holding, maintaining
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun from root dhṛ
  Derived from root 'dhṛ' (to hold, bear) with suffix -a.
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Predicate nominative for 'aham'.

तव (tava) - your (Likhita's) (your, of you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Second person singular genitive.

Note: Qualifies 'daṇḍadharaḥ'.

सः (saḥ) - that (king) (he, that (person))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular nominative.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunctive particle.

पूतः (pūtaḥ) - purified (from sin) (purified, clean, holy)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pūta

pūta - purified, clean, holy, cleansed

past passive participle

From root 'pū' (to purify) with past passive participle suffix -ta. Masculine singular nominative, agreeing with 'narapatiḥ'.

Root: pū (class 1)

नरपतिः (narapatiḥ) - the king (who inflicted the punishment) (lord of men, king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of narapati

narapati - lord of men, king, ruler

Compound 'nara' (man) + 'pati' (lord). Masculine singular nominative.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+pati)

• nara – man, human
  noun (masculine)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of implied 'asti'.

त्वम् (tvam) - you (Likhita) (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Second person singular nominative.

Note: Subject of implied 'asi' (are) or 'pūtaḥ' (are purified).

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunctive particle.

अपि (api) - also, too (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

पितृभिः (pitṛbhiḥ) - along with (your) ancestors (by the fathers, with the ancestors)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, ancestor

Masculine plural instrumental.

Note: Used with 'saha'.

सह (saha) - along with (with, along with)

(indeclinable)

Preposition/adverb, takes instrumental case.