महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-237, verse-23

जीवितं यस्य धर्मार्थं धर्मोऽरत्यर्थमेव च ।
अहोरात्राश्च पुण्यार्थं तं देवा ब्राह्मणं विदुः ॥२३॥

23. jīvitaṁ yasya dharmārthaṁ dharmo'ratyarthameva ca ,
ahorātrāśca puṇyārthaṁ taṁ devā brāhmaṇaṁ viduḥ.

23. jīvitam yasya dharmārtham dharmaḥ aratyartham eva ca
ahorātrāḥ ca puṇyārtham tam devāḥ brāhmaṇam viduḥ

23. devāḥ tam brāhmaṇam viduḥ,
yasya jīvitam dharmārtham,
ca dharmaḥ eva aratyartham,
ca ahorātrāḥ puṇyārtham (santi)

23. The gods know that person to be a true Brahmin (brāhmaṇa) whose life (jīvitam) is for the sake of righteousness (dharma), whose righteousness (dharma) is for the sake of non-attachment, and whose days and nights are for the sake of merit.

Words meanings summery:

• जीवितम् (jīvitam) - life, living, livelihood

• यस्य (yasya) - whose, of which

• धर्मार्थम् (dharmārtham) - for the sake of righteousness (dharma), for the purpose of dharma

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - righteousness (dharma), natural law, duty

• अरत्यर्थम् (aratyartham) - for the sake of non-attachment/detachment

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

• च (ca) - and

• अहोरात्राः (ahorātrāḥ) - days and nights

• च (ca) - and

• पुण्यार्थम् (puṇyārtham) - for the sake of merit

• तम् (tam) - that (one), him

• देवाः (devāḥ) - the gods

• ब्राह्मणम् (brāhmaṇam) - a Brahmin

• विदुः (viduḥ) - know, understand

Words meanings and morphology

जीवितम् (jīvitam) - life, living, livelihood

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jīvita

jīvita - life, living, livelihood

Past Passive Participle

from root jīv

Root: jīv (class 1)

यस्य (yasya) - whose, of which

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

धर्मार्थम् (dharmārtham) - for the sake of righteousness (dharma), for the purpose of dharma

(indeclinable)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+artha)

• dharma – righteousness, natural law, duty, virtue
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• artha – purpose, aim, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - righteousness (dharma), natural law, duty

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - righteousness, natural law, duty, virtue, intrinsic nature, constitution

from root dhṛ + -ma suffix

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

अरत्यर्थम् (aratyartham) - for the sake of non-attachment/detachment

(indeclinable)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (arati+artha)

• arati – non-attachment, disinterest, aversion, dissatisfaction
  noun (feminine)
• artha – purpose, aim, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अहोरात्राः (ahorātrāḥ) - days and nights

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ahorātra

ahorātra - day and night

Compound type : dvandva (ahan+rātra)

• ahan – day
  noun (neuter)
• rātra – night
  noun (neuter)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

पुण्यार्थम् (puṇyārtham) - for the sake of merit

(indeclinable)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puṇya+artha)

• puṇya – merit, virtue, good deed
  noun (neuter)
• artha – purpose, aim, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)

तम् (tam) - that (one), him

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

देवाः (devāḥ) - the gods

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being

ब्राह्मणम् (brāhmaṇam) - a Brahmin

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a Brahmin (member of the priestly class), relating to Brahman

विदुः (viduḥ) - know, understand

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of vid

Root: vid (class 2)