महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-232, verse-31

वेदनार्ताः प्रजा दृष्ट्वा समलोष्टाश्मकाञ्चनः ।
एतस्मिन्निरतो मार्गे विरमेन्न विमोहितः ॥३१॥

31. vedanārtāḥ prajā dṛṣṭvā samaloṣṭāśmakāñcanaḥ ,
etasminnirato mārge viramenna vimohitaḥ.

31. vedanā-ārtāḥ prajā dṛṣṭvā sama-loṣṭa-aśma-kāñcanaḥ
etasmin nirataḥ mārge viramet na vimohitaḥ

31. vedanā-ārtāḥ prajā dṛṣṭvā sama-loṣṭa-aśma-kāñcanaḥ
etasmin mārge nirataḥ vimohitaḥ na viramet

31. Having witnessed beings afflicted by suffering, such a person, for whom a lump of clay, a stone, and gold are equal, remaining steadfast on this path, should cease (from worldly pursuits), never becoming deluded.

Words meanings summery:

• वेदना-आर्ताः (vedanā-ārtāḥ) - afflicted by suffering (afflicted by pain, suffering from sensation)

• प्रजा (prajā) - beings (creatures) (beings, creatures, subjects, progeny)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having witnessed (having seen, having perceived)

• सम-लोष्ट-अश्म-काञ्चनः (sama-loṣṭa-aśma-kāñcanaḥ) - one for whom a lump of clay, a stone, and gold are equal (one to whom a lump of clay, a stone, and gold are equal)

• एतस्मिन् (etasmin) - on this (in this)

• निरतः (nirataḥ) - remaining steadfast (devoted, engaged, attached, absorbed)

• मार्गे (mārge) - on this path (in the path, on the way)

• विरमेत् (viramet) - should cease (from worldly pursuits) (should cease, should desist, should stop)

• न (na) - never (not)

• विमोहितः (vimohitaḥ) - becoming deluded (not deluded, not bewildered)

Words meanings and morphology

वेदना-आर्ताः (vedanā-ārtāḥ) - afflicted by suffering (afflicted by pain, suffering from sensation)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of vedanārta

vedanārta - afflicted by pain, suffering from sensation

from vedanā (pain/sensation) + ārta (afflicted)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vedanā+ārta)

• vedanā – pain, sensation, feeling
  noun (feminine)
  from √vid (to know, feel)
  Root: vid (class 6)
• ārta – afflicted, distressed, suffering
  adjective (feminine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from √ṛ (to go, to move) with 'ā' (causing suffering)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: ṛ (class 1)

Note: It modifies `prajāḥ`.

प्रजा (prajā) - beings (creatures) (beings, creatures, subjects, progeny)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of prajā

prajā - creature, being, progeny, mankind, subject

from √jan (to be born) with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Can be nominative or accusative plural for feminine a-stem. Here contextually accusative, object of `dṛṣṭvā`.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having witnessed (having seen, having perceived)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

from √dṛś (to see) with suffix -tvā

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: An absolutive participle.

सम-लोष्ट-अश्म-काञ्चनः (sama-loṣṭa-aśma-kāñcanaḥ) - one for whom a lump of clay, a stone, and gold are equal (one to whom a lump of clay, a stone, and gold are equal)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samaloṣṭāśmakāñcana

samaloṣṭāśmakāñcana - one to whom a lump of clay, a stone, and gold are equal

from sama (equal) + loṣṭa (clay) + aśma (stone) + kāñcana (gold)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sama+loṣṭa+aśman+kāñcana)

• sama – equal, same, impartial
  adjective (masculine)
• loṣṭa – lump of clay, clod
  noun (neuter)
• aśman – stone, rock
  noun (masculine)
• kāñcana – gold
  noun (neuter)

Note: Bahuvrīhi compound, meaning 'one for whom clay, stone, and gold are the same'.

एतस्मिन् (etasmin) - on this (in this)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, that

Note: Refers to the 'path' (`mārge`).

निरतः (nirataḥ) - remaining steadfast (devoted, engaged, attached, absorbed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nirata

nirata - devoted, engaged, attached to, absorbed in

Past Passive Participle

from √ram (to rejoice, be pleased) with prefix nir (niḥ)

Prefix: nir

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Past passive participle used as an adjective, qualifying the implied subject.

मार्गे (mārge) - on this path (in the path, on the way)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mārga

mārga - path, road, way, spiritual path

from √mṛg (to seek, search)

Root: mṛg (class 2)

Note: Locative case.

विरमेत् (viramet) - should cease (from worldly pursuits) (should cease, should desist, should stop)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of viram

optative mood

from √ram (to stop, rest) with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Optative mood, indicating a recommendation.

न (na) - never (not)

(indeclinable)

विमोहितः (vimohitaḥ) - becoming deluded (not deluded, not bewildered)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vimohita

vimohita - deluded, bewildered, confused

Past Passive Participle

from √muh (to be bewildered) with prefix vi (causative of √muh + -ita)

Prefix: vi

Root: muh (class 4)

Note: A past passive participle, often used adjectivally. The `na` negates it, meaning 'not deluded'.