महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-201, verse-1

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
के पूर्वमासन्पतयः प्रजानां भरतर्षभ ।
के चर्षयो महाभागा दिक्षु प्रत्येकशः स्मृताः ॥१॥

1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
ke pūrvamāsanpatayaḥ prajānāṁ bharatarṣabha ,
ke carṣayo mahābhāgā dikṣu pratyekaśaḥ smṛtāḥ.

1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca ke pūrvam āsan patayaḥ prajānām
bharatarṣabha ke ca ṛṣayaḥ mahābhāgāḥ dikṣu pratyekaśaḥ smṛtāḥ

1. bharatarṣabha! pūrvam prajānām patayaḥ ke āsan?
ca ke mahābhāgāḥ ṛṣayaḥ dikṣu pratyekaśaḥ smṛtāḥ?

1. Yudhiṣṭhira said, "O best among the Bhāratas, who were formerly the lords of creation (prajā)? And who are the illustrious sages (ṛṣi) remembered individually in each of the directions?"

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira (name of the eldest Pāṇḍava brother)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• के (ke) - who, which (plural)

• पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - formerly, previously, before

• आसन् (āsan) - were, existed

• पतयः (patayaḥ) - lords or progenitors (lords, masters, rulers)

• प्रजानाम् (prajānām) - of creation or progeny (of beings, of creatures, of progeny, of creation)

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of the Bhārata dynasty, an address to Yudhiṣṭhira (O best among the Bhāratas (bull of Bharatas))

• के (ke) - who, which (plural)

• च (ca) - and, also

• ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - venerable sages (sages, seers)

• महाभागाः (mahābhāgāḥ) - illustrious or highly esteemed (illustrious, highly fortunate, greatly blessed)

• दिक्षु (dikṣu) - in all cardinal directions (in the directions)

• प्रत्येकशः (pratyekaśaḥ) - individually, severally, one by one

• स्मृताः (smṛtāḥ) - are known or referred to as (remembered, considered, known as)

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira (name of the eldest Pāṇḍava brother)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira, steady in battle

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Prefix:

Root: vac (class 2)

के (ke) - who, which (plural)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ka

ka - who, which, what

पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - formerly, previously, before

(indeclinable)

आसन् (āsan) - were, existed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of as

Prefix:

Root: as (class 2)

पतयः (patayaḥ) - lords or progenitors (lords, masters, rulers)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pati

pati - lord, master, husband, ruler

प्रजानाम् (prajānām) - of creation or progeny (of beings, of creatures, of progeny, of creation)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of prajā

prajā - progeny, creatures, subjects, people, creation

Prefix:

Root: jan (class 4)

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of the Bhārata dynasty, an address to Yudhiṣṭhira (O best among the Bhāratas (bull of Bharatas))

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - bull of Bharatas, best of Bharatas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – Bharata (name of a king, a descendant of whom are the Pāṇḍavas and Kauravas)
  proper noun (masculine)
  Prefix:
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, excellent
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix:

के (ke) - who, which (plural)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ka

ka - who, which, what

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - venerable sages (sages, seers)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet, Vedic sage

महाभागाः (mahābhāgāḥ) - illustrious or highly esteemed (illustrious, highly fortunate, greatly blessed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahābhāga

mahābhāga - illustrious, highly fortunate, greatly blessed, of great portion/luck

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bhāga)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
  Prefix:
• bhāga – share, portion, fortune, destiny
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix:
  Root: bhaj (class 1)

दिक्षु (dikṣu) - in all cardinal directions (in the directions)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, plural of diś

diś - direction, quarter of the sky

प्रत्येकशः (pratyekaśaḥ) - individually, severally, one by one

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'pratyeka' (each, every single) with suffix -śaḥ

स्मृताः (smṛtāḥ) - are known or referred to as (remembered, considered, known as)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of smṛta

smṛta - remembered, recollected, thought of, known, traditional

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'smṛ' (to remember)

Prefix:

Root: smṛ (class 1)