महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-169, verse-13

अद्यैव कुरु यच्छ्रेयो मा त्वा कालोऽत्यगादयम् ।
अकृतेष्वेव कार्येषु मृत्युर्वै संप्रकर्षति ॥१३॥

13. adyaiva kuru yacchreyo mā tvā kālo'tyagādayam ,
akṛteṣveva kāryeṣu mṛtyurvai saṁprakarṣati.

13. adya eva kuru yat śreyaḥ mā tvā kālaḥ atyagāt
ayam akṛteṣu eva kāryeṣu mṛtyuḥ vai saṃprakarṣati

13. adya eva yat śreyaḥ kuru mā tvā kālaḥ atyagāt
ayam akṛteṣu eva kāryeṣu mṛtyuḥ vai saṃprakarṣati

13. Do today what is good (śreyas), lest this time pass you by. For death indeed seizes (saṃprakarṣati) one while tasks remain unfinished.

Words meanings summery:

• अद्य (adya) - today, now

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• कुरु (kuru) - do, perform, make

• यत् (yat) - what, which, that which

• श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - good, beneficial, better; what is good

• मा (mā) - not, do not (prohibitive particle)

• त्वा (tvā) - you (accusative)

• कालः (kālaḥ) - time

• अत्यगात् (atyagāt) - may pass by, has passed by (used prohibitively)

• अयम् (ayam) - this

• अकृतेषु (akṛteṣu) - undone, unfinished, not done

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• कार्येषु (kāryeṣu) - in tasks, duties, things to be done

• मृत्युः (mṛtyuḥ) - death

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely, verily

• संप्रकर्षति (saṁprakarṣati) - drags away, pulls away, seizes

Words meanings and morphology

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

कुरु (kuru) - do, perform, make

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

यत् (yat) - what, which, that which

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Refers to 'śreyaḥ' as object of 'kuru'.

श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - good, beneficial, better; what is good

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śreyas

śreyas - better, superior, excellent; good, welfare, ultimate good

Comparative form of praśasya (praiseworthy)

Note: Used substantively to mean 'that which is good' or 'the good'.

मा (mā) - not, do not (prohibitive particle)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with aorist verb 'atyagāt' for prohibition.

त्वा (tvā) - you (accusative)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular, dual, plural)

कालः (kālaḥ) - time

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, season

अत्यगात् (atyagāt) - may pass by, has passed by (used prohibitively)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of ati-gam

Prefix: ati

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Used with 'mā' for prohibitive meaning: 'let it not pass by'.

अयम् (ayam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with 'kālaḥ'.

अकृतेषु (akṛteṣu) - undone, unfinished, not done

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, plural of akṛta

akṛta - not done, unperformed, unfinished

Past Passive Participle

Negative 'a' + root kṛ (to do); suffix -ta

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with 'kāryeṣu'; forms an absolute locative construction.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

कार्येषु (kāryeṣu) - in tasks, duties, things to be done

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of kārya

kārya - to be done, fit to be done; duty, action, business, task

Gerundive

Root kṛ (to do) + suffix -ya

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Used in an absolute locative construction, meaning 'while tasks are' (undone).

मृत्युः (mṛtyuḥ) - death

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mṛtyu

mṛtyu - death, mortality, the god of death

From root mṛ (to die)

Root: mṛ (class 6)

वै (vai) - indeed, surely, verily

(indeclinable)

संप्रकर्षति (saṁprakarṣati) - drags away, pulls away, seizes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of saṃ-pra-kṛṣ

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: kṛṣ (class 1)