महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-151, verse-22

तं हीनपर्णं पतिताग्रशाखं विशीर्णपुष्पं प्रसमीक्ष्य वायुः ।
उवाच वाक्यं स्मयमान एनं मुदा युतं शल्मलिं रुग्णशाखम् ॥२२॥

22. taṁ hīnaparṇaṁ patitāgraśākhaṁ; viśīrṇapuṣpaṁ prasamīkṣya vāyuḥ ,
uvāca vākyaṁ smayamāna enaṁ; mudā yutaṁ śalmaliṁ rugṇaśākham.

22. tam hīnaparṇam patitāgraśākham
viśīrṇapuṣpam prasamykṣya vāyuḥ
uvāca vākyam smayamānam enam
mudā yutam śalmalim rugṇaśākham

22. vāyuḥ tam hīnaparṇam patitāgraśākham
viśīrṇapuṣpam रुग्णशाखम्
śalmalim prasamykṣya smayamānaḥ
mudā yutaḥ enam vākyam uvāca

22. Having observed that leafless silk-cotton tree (śalmaliḥ), with its top branches fallen and flowers scattered, the wind (vāyuḥ) smilingly and joyfully spoke these words to him, whose branches were now broken.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - that (him)

• हीनपर्णम् (hīnaparṇam) - leafless, devoid of leaves

• पतिताग्रशाखम् (patitāgraśākham) - with fallen top branches

• विशीर्णपुष्पम् (viśīrṇapuṣpam) - with scattered flowers

• प्रसम्य्क्ष्य (prasamykṣya) - having thoroughly observed, seeing

• वायुः (vāyuḥ) - wind

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, speech

• स्मयमानम् (smayamānam) - smiling

• एनम् (enam) - him, this one

• मुदा (mudā) - with joy, happily

• युतम् (yutam) - endowed with, accompanied by, joined with

• शल्मलिम् (śalmalim) - the silk-cotton tree

• रुग्णशाखम् (rugṇaśākham) - with broken branches

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - that (him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

हीनपर्णम् (hīnaparṇam) - leafless, devoid of leaves

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hīnaparṇa

hīnaparṇa - having leaves fallen, leafless

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hīna+parṇa)

• hīna – deprived of, devoid of, fallen, lost
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Root: hā (class 3)
• parṇa – leaf, feather
  noun (neuter)

पतिताग्रशाखम् (patitāgraśākham) - with fallen top branches

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of patitāgraśākha

patitāgraśākha - having top branches fallen

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (patita+agra+śākha)

• patita – fallen, descended
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Root: pat (class 1)
• agra – top, tip, foremost part
  noun (neuter)
• śākha – branch
  noun (feminine)

विशीर्णपुष्पम् (viśīrṇapuṣpam) - with scattered flowers

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of viśīrṇapuṣpa

viśīrṇapuṣpa - having scattered or faded flowers

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (viśīrṇa+puṣpa)

• viśīrṇa – scattered, withered, fallen apart
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Prefix: vi
  Root: śṝ (class 9)
• puṣpa – flower, blossom
  noun (neuter)

प्रसम्य्क्ष्य (prasamykṣya) - having thoroughly observed, seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Prefixes: pra+sam

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

वायुः (vāyuḥ) - wind

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāyu

vāyu - wind, air; Vāyu (the deity of wind)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - word, speech, sentence, statement

स्मयमानम् (smayamānam) - smiling

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of smayamāna

smayamāna - smiling, laughing

Present Middle Participle

Root: smi (class 1)

एनम् (enam) - him, this one

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, that (demonstrative pronoun, often used anaphorically)

मुदा (mudā) - with joy, happily

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of mud

mud - joy, delight, pleasure, happiness

युतम् (yutam) - endowed with, accompanied by, joined with

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yuta

yuta - joined, united, endowed with, possessed of

Past Passive Participle

Root: yuj (class 7)

शल्मलिम् (śalmalim) - the silk-cotton tree

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śalmali

śalmali - silk-cotton tree (Salmalia malabarica)

रुग्णशाखम् (rugṇaśākham) - with broken branches

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rugṇaśākha

rugṇaśākha - having broken branches

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (rugṇa+śākha)

• rugṇa – broken, fractured, diseased
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Root: ruj (class 6)
• śākha – branch
  noun (feminine)