महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-151, verse-19

ततो निश्चित्य मनसा शल्मलिः क्षुभितस्तदा ।
शाखाः स्कन्धान्प्रशाखाश्च स्वयमेव व्यशातयत् ॥१९॥

19. tato niścitya manasā śalmaliḥ kṣubhitastadā ,
śākhāḥ skandhānpraśākhāśca svayameva vyaśātayat.

19. tataḥ niścitya manasā śalmaliḥ kṣubhitaḥ tadā
śākhāḥ skandhān praśākhāḥ ca svayam eva vyaśātayat

19. tataḥ śalmaliḥ kṣubhitaḥ tadā manasā niścitya
svayam eva śākhāḥ skandhān praśākhāḥ ca vyaśātayat

19. Then, having decided with his mind, the disturbed Silk Cotton tree, at that moment, himself cut off his branches, main stems, and sub-branches.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, subsequently (thereupon, then, from that (place/reason))

• निश्चित्य (niścitya) - having decided, having determined, having ascertained

• मनसा (manasā) - by the mind, with the mind (neuter, instrumental singular)

• शल्मलिः (śalmaliḥ) - the protagonist tree in the narrative (the Silk Cotton tree (masculine, nominative singular))

• क्षुभितः (kṣubhitaḥ) - referring to the state of the Silk Cotton tree (agitated, disturbed, shaken (masculine, nominative singular))

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• शाखाः (śākhāḥ) - branches (feminine, accusative plural)

• स्कन्धान् (skandhān) - main stems or trunks of the tree (trunks, stems, shoulders (masculine, accusative plural))

• प्रशाखाः (praśākhāḥ) - sub-branches, twigs (feminine, accusative plural)

• च (ca) - and, also

• स्वयम् (svayam) - by himself (the tree) (by oneself, spontaneously, voluntarily)

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, exactly

• व्यशातयत् (vyaśātayat) - he cut off, he caused to fall, he tore apart

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, subsequently (thereupon, then, from that (place/reason))

(indeclinable)

Ablative form of 'tad' used as an indeclinable adverb.

निश्चित्य (niścitya) - having decided, having determined, having ascertained

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Formed with prefix niś- and root ci, ending -ya for verbs with prefixes.

Prefix: niś

Root: ci (class 5)

मनसा (manasā) - by the mind, with the mind (neuter, instrumental singular)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, thought, heart, consciousness

Root: man (class 4)

शल्मलिः (śalmaliḥ) - the protagonist tree in the narrative (the Silk Cotton tree (masculine, nominative singular))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śalmali

śalmali - the Silk Cotton tree (Bombax malabaricum)

क्षुभितः (kṣubhitaḥ) - referring to the state of the Silk Cotton tree (agitated, disturbed, shaken (masculine, nominative singular))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣubhita

kṣubhita - agitated, disturbed, shaken, trembled

Past Passive Participle

From root kṣubh (to tremble, to be agitated).

Root: kṣubh (class 1)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

शाखाः (śākhāḥ) - branches (feminine, accusative plural)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of śākhā

śākhā - branch, arm, division

स्कन्धान् (skandhān) - main stems or trunks of the tree (trunks, stems, shoulders (masculine, accusative plural))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of skandha

skandha - shoulder, trunk (of a tree), stem, large branch, section, chapter

प्रशाखाः (praśākhāḥ) - sub-branches, twigs (feminine, accusative plural)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of praśākhā

praśākhā - a small branch, twig, sub-branch

From prefix pra- + śākhā (branch).

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

स्वयम् (svayam) - by himself (the tree) (by oneself, spontaneously, voluntarily)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, exactly

(indeclinable)

व्यशातयत् (vyaśātayat) - he cut off, he caused to fall, he tore apart

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of śātay

causative stem

Causative stem from root śat (to fall). The verb form is from the Imperfect Tense (Laṅ Lakāra) with prefixes vi- and ā-.

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: śat (class 10)