महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-11, verse-8

घातयित्वा कथं द्रोणं भीष्मं चापि पितामहम् ।
मनस्तेऽभून्महाबाहो हत्वा चापि जयद्रथम् ॥८॥

8. ghātayitvā kathaṁ droṇaṁ bhīṣmaṁ cāpi pitāmaham ,
manaste'bhūnmahābāho hatvā cāpi jayadratham.

8. ghātayitvā katham droṇam bhīṣmam ca api pitāmaham
manaḥ te abhūt mahābāho hatvā ca api jayadratham

8. mahābāho katham te manaḥ droṇam ca bhīṣmam pitāmaham
api ghātayitvā ca jayadratham api hatvā abhūt

8. O mighty-armed one, how could your mind be (unburdened) after having caused Drona and even grandfather Bhishma to be killed, and also after having killed Jayadratha?

Words meanings summery:

• घातयित्वा (ghātayitvā) - having caused to be killed, having slain

• कथम् (katham) - how? in what manner? why?

• द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Drona, the revered preceptor (Drona)

• भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhishma, the grand-uncle and commander (Bhishma)

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• पितामहम् (pitāmaham) - Bhishma, who was the paternal grandfather (pitāmaha) to the Pandavas (grandfather)

• मनः (manaḥ) - mind, heart, intellect

• ते (te) - your (mind) (your, to you)

• अभूत् (abhūt) - was (unaffected/at peace) (became, was)

• महाबाहो (mahābāho) - O Arjuna, the mighty-armed one (O mighty-armed one)

• हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed, having slain

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• जयद्रथम् (jayadratham) - Jayadratha, the king of Sindhu (Jayadratha)

Words meanings and morphology

घातयित्वा (ghātayitvā) - having caused to be killed, having slain

(indeclinable)

Causative absolutiv

Formed from root han (to kill) with causative suffix -aya and absolutiv suffix -tvā.

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Absolutive (gerund) form indicating a completed action prior to the main verb.

कथम् (katham) - how? in what manner? why?

(indeclinable)

From the interrogative pronoun kim.

द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Drona, the revered preceptor (Drona)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Drona (name of a preceptor and warrior)

Note: Object of the gerund 'ghātayitvā'.

भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhishma, the grand-uncle and commander (Bhishma)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (name of a Kuru elder, son of Shantanu and Ganga)

From root bhī (to fear), meaning 'terrible', 'formidable'.

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Object of the gerund 'ghātayitvā'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects Drona and Bhishma.

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

पितामहम् (pitāmaham) - Bhishma, who was the paternal grandfather (pitāmaha) to the Pandavas (grandfather)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pitāmaha

pitāmaha - paternal grandfather, great father, ancestor

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pitṛ+mahā)

• pitṛ – father
  noun (masculine)
• mahā – great
  adjective

Note: In apposition to Bhishma.

मनः (manaḥ) - mind, heart, intellect

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, understanding, heart

From root man (to think).

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Subject of the verb 'abhūt'.

ते (te) - your (mind) (your, to you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Genitive singular of 'yuṣmad'.

Note: Refers to Arjuna.

अभूत् (abhūt) - was (unaffected/at peace) (became, was)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past (luṅ) of bhū

Aorist, active voice, 3rd person singular

Augment 'a-' + root 'bhū' + aorist ending.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

महाबाहो (mahābāho) - O Arjuna, the mighty-armed one (O mighty-armed one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - mighty-armed, strong-armed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bāhu)

• mahā – great
  adjective
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

Note: Address to Arjuna.

हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed, having slain

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root han with absolutiv suffix -tvā.

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Absolutive (gerund) form indicating a completed action prior to the main verb.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the two clauses of killing.

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

जयद्रथम् (jayadratham) - Jayadratha, the king of Sindhu (Jayadratha)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jayadratha

jayadratha - Jayadratha (name of a king, husband of Duśśalā)

Note: Object of the gerund 'hatvā'.