महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-11, verse-6

ताभिः परिवृतो राजा रुदतीभिः सहस्रशः ।
ऊर्ध्वबाहुभिरार्ताभिर्ब्रुवतीभिः प्रियाप्रिये ॥६॥

6. tābhiḥ parivṛto rājā rudatībhiḥ sahasraśaḥ ,
ūrdhvabāhubhirārtābhirbruvatībhiḥ priyāpriye.

6. tābhiḥ parivṛtaḥ rājā rudatībhiḥ sahasraśaḥ
ūrdhvabāhubhiḥ ārtābhiḥ bruvatībhiḥ priyāpriye

6. rājā tābhiḥ sahasraśaḥ rudatībhiḥ ārtābhiḥ
ūrdhvabāhubhiḥ priyāpriye bruvatībhiḥ parivṛtaḥ

6. The king, surrounded by thousands of those crying, distressed women, their arms uplifted, speaking both pleasant and unpleasant words.

Words meanings summery:

• ताभिः (tābhiḥ) - by them

• परिवृतः (parivṛtaḥ) - surrounded, encompassed

• राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

• रुदतीभिः (rudatībhiḥ) - by the crying, by the weeping

• सहस्रशः (sahasraśaḥ) - by thousands, in thousands

• ऊर्ध्वबाहुभिः (ūrdhvabāhubhiḥ) - with uplifted arms, having raised arms

• आर्ताभिः (ārtābhiḥ) - by the distressed, by the pained

• ब्रुवतीभिः (bruvatībhiḥ) - by the speaking, by those saying

• प्रियाप्रिये (priyāpriye) - pleasant and unpleasant things/words

Words meanings and morphology

ताभिः (tābhiḥ) - by them

(pronoun)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

परिवृतः (parivṛtaḥ) - surrounded, encompassed

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parivṛta

parivṛta - surrounded, encompassed, covered

Past Passive Participle

From root √vṛ (to cover, encompass) with prefix pari-.

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛ (class 5)

राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

रुदतीभिः (rudatībhiḥ) - by the crying, by the weeping

(participle)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of rudatī

rudatī - crying, weeping, lamenting (feminine form)

Present Active Participle

From root √rud (to cry, weep) + suffix -at.

Root: rud (class 2)

सहस्रशः (sahasraśaḥ) - by thousands, in thousands

(indeclinable)

Derived from sahasra (thousand) with suffix -śaḥ

ऊर्ध्वबाहुभिः (ūrdhvabāhubhiḥ) - with uplifted arms, having raised arms

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of ūrdhvabāhu

ūrdhvabāhu - having uplifted arms

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ūrdhva+bāhu)

• ūrdhva – up, elevated, upward
  adjective (neuter)
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

आर्ताभिः (ārtābhiḥ) - by the distressed, by the pained

(participle)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of ārta

ārta - afflicted, distressed, pained

Past Passive Participle

From root √ṛ (to go, move) or √art (to pain) + suffix -ta. Here, likely from ā-√ṛ.

Prefix: ā

Root: ṛ (class 1)

ब्रुवतीभिः (bruvatībhiḥ) - by the speaking, by those saying

(participle)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of bruvatī

bruvatī - speaking, saying (feminine form)

Present Active Participle

From root √brū (to speak, say) + suffix -at.

Root: brū (class 2)

प्रियाप्रिये (priyāpriye) - pleasant and unpleasant things/words

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, dual of priyāpriya

priyāpriya - pleasant and unpleasant, good and bad

Compound type : dvandva (priya+apriya)

• priya – pleasant, dear, beloved, agreeable
  adjective
• apriya – unpleasant, disagreeable, unwelcome
  adjective
  Negative prefix a- + priya
  Prefix: a