महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-11, verse-10

अतीत्य ता महाबाहुः क्रोशन्तीः कुररीरिव ।
ववन्दे पितरं ज्येष्ठं धर्मराजो युधिष्ठिरः ॥१०॥

10. atītya tā mahābāhuḥ krośantīḥ kurarīriva ,
vavande pitaraṁ jyeṣṭhaṁ dharmarājo yudhiṣṭhiraḥ.

10. atītya tāḥ mahābāhuḥ krośantīḥ kurarīḥ iva
vavande pitaram jyeṣṭham dharmarājaḥ yudhiṣṭhiraḥ

10. mahābāhuḥ yudhiṣṭhiraḥ dharmarājaḥ krośantīḥ
kurarīḥ iva tāḥ atītya jyeṣṭham pitaram vavande

10. Having passed by those wailing women, who cried out like ospreys, the mighty-armed Yudhishthira, the king of righteousness (dharma), bowed down to his elder father.

Words meanings summery:

• अतीत्य (atītya) - having passed by (having passed over, having overcome, having transcended)

• ताः (tāḥ) - those (women) (those (feminine))

• महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - Yudhishthira, the mighty-armed one (the mighty-armed one)

• क्रोशन्तीः (krośantīḥ) - women wailing (wailing, crying out)

• कुररीः (kurarīḥ) - ospreys (known for their plaintive cries) (ospreys, female curlews)

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• ववन्दे (vavande) - bowed down (respectfully) (bowed, saluted, worshipped)

• पितरम् (pitaram) - Dhritarashtra, who was an elder akin to a father (father)

• ज्येष्ठम् (jyeṣṭham) - the elder (father) (eldest, oldest)

• धर्मराजः (dharmarājaḥ) - Yudhishthira, the King of righteousness (dharma) (King of righteousness, king of (dharma))

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira, the eldest Pandava (Yudhishthira)

Words meanings and morphology

अतीत्य (atītya) - having passed by (having passed over, having overcome, having transcended)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From 'ati' (over) + root 'i' (to go) + absolutiv suffix '-ya' (after a prefix).

Prefix: ati

Root: i (class 2)

ताः (tāḥ) - those (women) (those (feminine))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of tad

tad - that, those (demonstrative pronoun)

Accusative plural feminine of 'tad'.

महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - Yudhishthira, the mighty-armed one (the mighty-armed one)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - mighty-armed, strong-armed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bāhu)

• mahā – great
  adjective
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies Yudhishthira.

क्रोशन्तीः (krośantīḥ) - women wailing (wailing, crying out)

(participle)

Accusative, feminine, plural of krośantī

krośat - crying, yelling, wailing, shrieking

Present active participle (feminine form)

From root kruś (to cry, wail) + present stem 'kroś' + participle suffix '-at' + feminine suffix '-ī'.

Root: kruś (class 1)

कुररीः (kurarīḥ) - ospreys (known for their plaintive cries) (ospreys, female curlews)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of kurarī

kurarī - osprey, female curlew, a bird known for its plaintive cry

Feminine form of 'kurara'.

Note: Object of comparison with 'iva'.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison.

ववन्दे (vavande) - bowed down (respectfully) (bowed, saluted, worshipped)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past perfect (liṭ) of vand

Perfect, middle voice, 3rd person singular

Reduplicated perfect form of root vand.

Root: vand (class 1)

पितरम् (pitaram) - Dhritarashtra, who was an elder akin to a father (father)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

Accusative singular of 'pitṛ'.

Note: Object of 'vavande'.

ज्येष्ठम् (jyeṣṭham) - the elder (father) (eldest, oldest)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jyeṣṭha

jyeṣṭha - eldest, oldest, most excellent, chief

Superlative form related to 'vṛddha' (old).

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

धर्मराजः (dharmarājaḥ) - Yudhishthira, the King of righteousness (dharma) (King of righteousness, king of (dharma))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmarāja

dharmarāja - king of righteousness, a just king, Yama (god of justice), an epithet of Yudhishthira

From 'dharma' (righteousness) + 'rājan' (king).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+rājan)

• dharma – righteousness, duty, natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, virtue, justice
  noun (masculine)
  From root dhṛ (to uphold, sustain).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: In apposition to Yudhishthira.

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira, the eldest Pandava (Yudhishthira)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira (eldest Pandava, firm in battle)

From 'yudhi' (in battle) + 'sthira' (firm).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yudh+sthira)

• yudh – battle, fight
  noun (feminine)
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• sthira – firm, steady, stable
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root sthā (to stand).
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'vavande'.