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10,10

महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-10, chapter-10, verse-3

कृतवर्मणा नृशंसेन गौतमेन कृपेण च ।
अश्वत्थाम्ना च पापेन हतं वः शिबिरं निशि ॥३॥
3. kṛtavarmaṇā nṛśaṁsena gautamena kṛpeṇa ca ,
aśvatthāmnā ca pāpena hataṁ vaḥ śibiraṁ niśi.
3. kṛtavarmaṇā nṛśaṃsena gautamena kṛpeṇa ca
aśvatthāmnā ca pāpena hatam vaḥ śibiram niśi
3. nṛśaṃsena kṛtavarmaṇā,
gautamena kṛpeṇa ca,
pāpena aśvatthāmnā ca niśi vaḥ śibiram hatam.
3. Your camp was destroyed at night by the cruel Kṛtavarman, by Gautama Kṛpa, and by the wicked Aśvatthāman.

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

  • कृतवर्मणा (kṛtavarmaṇā) - by Kṛtavarman
  • नृशंसेन (nṛśaṁsena) - by the cruel Kṛtavarman (by the cruel one, by the wicked one)
  • गौतमेन (gautamena) - by Gautama Kṛpa (by Gautama)
  • कृपेण (kṛpeṇa) - by Kṛpa
  • (ca) - and, also
  • अश्वत्थाम्ना (aśvatthāmnā) - by Aśvatthāman
  • (ca) - and, also
  • पापेन (pāpena) - by the wicked Aśvatthāman (by the wicked, by the sinful)
  • हतम् (hatam) - destroyed (referring to the camp) (slain, destroyed, killed)
  • वः (vaḥ) - your (referring to the camp) (your, to you, by you)
  • शिबिरम् (śibiram) - camp, encampment
  • निशि (niśi) - at night, in the night

Words meanings and morphology

कृतवर्मणा (kṛtavarmaṇā) - by Kṛtavarman
(proper noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of kṛtavarman
kṛtavarman - Kṛtavarman (a proper name, son of Hṛdika, an ally of the Kauravas)
नृशंसेन (nṛśaṁsena) - by the cruel Kṛtavarman (by the cruel one, by the wicked one)
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of nṛśaṃsa
nṛśaṁsa - cruel, wicked, mischievous, evil
Note: Agrees with Kṛtavarman.
गौतमेन (gautamena) - by Gautama Kṛpa (by Gautama)
(proper noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of gautama
gautama - descendant of Gotama; a proper name (e.g., Kṛpa, Buddha)
कृपेण (kṛpeṇa) - by Kṛpa
(proper noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of kṛpa
kṛpa - Kṛpa (a proper name, the son of Śaradvat and Jānapadī, a famous archery teacher)
(ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
Note: Conjunction.
अश्वत्थाम्ना (aśvatthāmnā) - by Aśvatthāman
(proper noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of aśvatthāman
aśvatthāman - Aśvatthāman (a proper name, son of Droṇa)
(ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
Note: Conjunction.
पापेन (pāpena) - by the wicked Aśvatthāman (by the wicked, by the sinful)
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of pāpa
pāpa - wicked, evil, sinful; sin, evil, guilt
Note: Agrees with Aśvatthāman.
हतम् (hatam) - destroyed (referring to the camp) (slain, destroyed, killed)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of hata
hata - slain, killed, destroyed, smitten
Past Passive Participle
From root √han (to strike, kill)
Root: han (class 2)
Note: The participle hatam acts as a predicate agreeing with śibiram.
वः (vaḥ) - your (referring to the camp) (your, to you, by you)
(pronoun)
Genitive, plural of yuṣmad
yuṣmad - you (plural)
Note: Can also be accusative or dative plural. Here, genitive possessive.
शिबिरम् (śibiram) - camp, encampment
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of śibira
śibira - camp, military encampment, dwelling
Note: Subject of the passive construction.
निशि (niśi) - at night, in the night
(noun)
Locative, feminine, singular of niś
niś - night
Note: Denotes time.