महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-10, chapter-10, verse-18

संग्रामचन्द्रोदयवेगवेलं द्रोणार्णवं ज्यातलनेमिघोषम् ।
ये तेरुरुच्चावचशस्त्रनौभिस्ते राजपुत्रा निहताः प्रमादात् ॥१८॥

18. saṁgrāmacandrodayavegavelaṁ; droṇārṇavaṁ jyātalanemighoṣam ,
ye teruruccāvacaśastranaubhi;ste rājaputrā nihatāḥ pramādāt.

18. saṃgrāmacandrodayavegavelaṃ droṇārṇavam jyātalenemighoṣam ye
teruḥ uccāvacasastranāubhiḥ te rājaputrāḥ nihatāḥ pramādāt

18. saṃgrāmacandrodayavegavelaṃ jyātalenemighoṣam droṇārṇavam ye uccāvacasastranāubhiḥ teruḥ,
te rājaputrāḥ pramādāt nihatāḥ

18. And of the Drona-ocean (droṇārṇava), whose swift tide (vela) is like the rising moon (candrodaya) of battle (saṃgrāma), and whose roar (ghoṣa) is the combined sound of bowstrings (jyā), hand-slaps (tala), and chariot wheels (nemi). Those princes who crossed it with various weapon-boats, those very ones were killed due to carelessness (pramāda).

Words meanings summery:

• संग्रामचन्द्रोदयवेगवेलं (saṁgrāmacandrodayavegavelaṁ) - (that whose) swift tide is like the rising moon of battle

• द्रोणार्णवम् (droṇārṇavam) - the Drona-ocean (droṇārṇava), referring to the formidable Drona as an ocean of battle (the Drona-ocean)

• ज्यातलेनेमिघोषम् (jyātalenemighoṣam) - (that which has) the sound of bowstrings, hand-slaps, and chariot wheels

• ये (ye) - who, those who

• तेरुः (teruḥ) - they crossed, they swam across

• उच्चावचसस्त्रनाउभिः (uccāvacasastranāubhiḥ) - with high and low (various) weapon-boats

• ते (te) - those, they

• राजपुत्राः (rājaputrāḥ) - princes, sons of kings

• निहताः (nihatāḥ) - killed, slain

• प्रमादात् (pramādāt) - due to carelessness (pramāda) (due to oversight, from carelessness, through error)

Words meanings and morphology

संग्रामचन्द्रोदयवेगवेलं (saṁgrāmacandrodayavegavelaṁ) - (that whose) swift tide is like the rising moon of battle

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃgrāmacandrodayavegavela

saṁgrāmacandrodayavegavela - (an ocean) whose swift tide is like the rising moon of battle

Complex Bahuvrīhi compound, metaphorically describing the ocean-like Drona. The rising moon (candrodaya) of battle (saṃgrāma) causes the swiftness (vega) of the tide (velā).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (saṃgrāma+candrodaya+vega+velā)

• saṃgrāma – battle, war
  noun (masculine)
• candrodaya – moonrise, rising of the moon
  noun (masculine)
• vega – swiftness, speed, current, force
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'vij' (to move rapidly).
  Root: vij (class 6)
• velā – shore, coast; tide, flood, flow
  noun (feminine)

द्रोणार्णवम् (droṇārṇavam) - the Drona-ocean (droṇārṇava), referring to the formidable Drona as an ocean of battle (the Drona-ocean)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of droṇārṇava

droṇārṇava - the ocean that is Drona

Compound of 'Droṇa' (name) and 'arṇava' (ocean).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (droṇa+arṇava)

• droṇa – Drona (proper name); a measure of capacity
  proper noun (masculine)
• arṇava – ocean, sea
  noun (masculine)

Note: This is the main noun being described by the preceding and following adjectives.

ज्यातलेनेमिघोषम् (jyātalenemighoṣam) - (that which has) the sound of bowstrings, hand-slaps, and chariot wheels

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jyātalenemighoṣa

jyātalenemighoṣa - (an ocean) whose roar is the combined sound of bowstrings, hand-slaps, and chariot wheels

Bahuvrīhi compound. 'Jyā-tala-nemi' (bowstring, palm-guard, wheel rim) forms a dvandva, whose 'ghoṣa' (sound) defines the object.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (jyā+tala+nemi+ghoṣa)

• jyā – bowstring
  noun (feminine)
• tala – palm of the hand (referring to hand-slap sound of a protective gear)
  noun (masculine)
• nemi – felly of a wheel, circumference of a wheel, wheel-rim
  noun (feminine)
• ghoṣa – sound, noise, roar, loud cry
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'ghuṣ' (to sound).
  Root: ghuṣ (class 1)

Note: Masculine accusative singular, agreeing with 'droṇārṇavam'.

ये (ye) - who, those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ya

ya - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

तेरुः (teruḥ) - they crossed, they swam across

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of tṛ

Perfect Active, 3rd Person Plural

From root 'tṛ' (class 1, 'tarati'). Perfect form 'teruḥ'.

Root: tṛ (class 1)

उच्चावचसस्त्रनाउभिः (uccāvacasastranāubhiḥ) - with high and low (various) weapon-boats

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of uccāvacasastranāu

uccāvacasastranāu - weapon-boats of various kinds (high and low)

Compound of 'uccāvaca' (high and low/various) and 'śastranāu' (weapon-boat).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (uccāvaca+śastranāu)

• uccāvaca – high and low, various, diverse
  adjective
  Dvandva compound of 'ucca' (high) and 'avaca' (low).
• śastranāu – weapon-boat, a boat made of weapons or used for weapons
  noun (feminine)

Note: Instrument of crossing.

ते (te) - those, they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those (demonstrative/correlative pronoun)

राजपुत्राः (rājaputrāḥ) - princes, sons of kings

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rājaputra

rājaputra - prince, son of a king

Compound of 'rājan' (king) and 'putra' (son).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (rājan+putra)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)

निहताः (nihatāḥ) - killed, slain

(past passive participle)

प्रमादात् (pramādāt) - due to carelessness (pramāda) (due to oversight, from carelessness, through error)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of pramāda

pramāda - carelessness, negligence, oversight, error, inadvertence

From 'pra-mad' (to be negligent, to err).

Prefix: pra

Root: mad (class 4)

Note: Denotes cause or origin.