महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-10, chapter-10, verse-21

महाचमूकक्षवराभिपन्नं महाहवे भीष्ममहादवाग्निम् ।
ये सेहुरात्तायतशस्त्रवेगं ते राजपुत्रा निहताः प्रमादात् ॥२१॥

21. mahācamūkakṣavarābhipannaṁ; mahāhave bhīṣmamahādavāgnim ,
ye sehurāttāyataśastravegaṁ; te rājaputrā nihatāḥ pramādāt.

21. mahācamūkākṣavarābhipannam mahāhave bhīṣmamahādavāgnim | ye
sehuḥ āttāyataśastravegam te rājaputrāḥ nihatāḥ pramādāt

21. mahāhave mahācamūkākṣavarābhipannam bhīṣmamahādavāgnim ye āttāyataśastravegam sehuḥ,
te rājaputrāḥ pramādāt nihatāḥ

21. This describes Bhishma, the great forest fire of the mighty battle, by whom the excellent warriors of the great army-thicket were afflicted/overcome. Those princes who endured (his) fierce and extended force of weapons, were (ultimately) destroyed due to heedlessness (pramāda).

Words meanings summery:

• महाचमूकाक्षवराभिपन्नम् (mahācamūkākṣavarābhipannam) - describing Bhishma (the great forest fire) as one who afflicts the best warriors of the army-thicket (by whom the excellent warriors of the great army-thicket were afflicted/overcome)

• महाहवे (mahāhave) - in the great battle

• भीष्ममहादवाग्निम् (bhīṣmamahādavāgnim) - Bhishma is metaphorically described as the great forest fire (Bhishma, the great forest fire)

• ये (ye) - those who

• सेहुः (sehuḥ) - they endured, bore, resisted

• आत्तायतशस्त्रवेगम् (āttāyataśastravegam) - describing the force of weapons that the princes endured (whose weapons' force was fierce and extended)

• ते (te) - referring to the princes (those)

• राजपुत्राः (rājaputrāḥ) - princes, sons of kings

• निहताः (nihatāḥ) - killed, destroyed

• प्रमादात् (pramādāt) - from heedlessness, from negligence

Words meanings and morphology

महाचमूकाक्षवराभिपन्नम् (mahācamūkākṣavarābhipannam) - describing Bhishma (the great forest fire) as one who afflicts the best warriors of the army-thicket (by whom the excellent warriors of the great army-thicket were afflicted/overcome)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahācamūkākṣavarābhipanna

mahācamūkākṣavarābhipanna - by whom the excellent warriors of the great army-thicket were afflicted/overcome

Bahuvrīhi compound: mahācamū (great army) + kakṣa (thicket/forest) + vara (best/excellent) + abhipanna (afflicted/overcome)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahācamū+kakṣa+vara+abhipanna)

• mahācamū – great army
  noun (feminine)
  karmadhāraya compound: mahā (great) + camū (army)
• kakṣa – thicket, forest, side
  noun (masculine)
• vara – excellent, best, choicest; boon
  adjective (masculine)
• abhipanna – afflicted, overcome, fallen upon
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from abhi-pra-√pad (to fall upon, to approach, to befall)
  Prefixes: abhi+pra
  Root: pad (class 4)

महाहवे (mahāhave) - in the great battle

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mahāhava

mahāhava - great battle, great conflict

karmadhāraya compound: mahā (great) + hava (battle)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+hava)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• hava – battle, conflict, sacrifice (from √hu)
  noun (masculine)
  from root √hve (to call, challenge for battle)
  Root: hve (class 1)

भीष्ममहादवाग्निम् (bhīṣmamahādavāgnim) - Bhishma is metaphorically described as the great forest fire (Bhishma, the great forest fire)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīṣmamahādavāgni

bhīṣmamahādavāgni - Bhishma, the great forest fire

tatpuruṣa compound: Bhīṣma + mahādavāgni

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhīṣma+mahādavāgni)

• bhīṣma – Bhishma (proper name); terrible, formidable
  proper noun (masculine)
• mahādavāgni – great forest fire
  noun (masculine)
  karmadhāraya compound: mahā (great) + davāgni (forest fire)

ये (ye) - those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yat

yat - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

सेहुः (sehuḥ) - they endured, bore, resisted

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of sah

perfect tense, 3rd person plural

Root: sah (class 1)

आत्तायतशस्त्रवेगम् (āttāyataśastravegam) - describing the force of weapons that the princes endured (whose weapons' force was fierce and extended)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āttāyataśastravega

āttāyataśastravega - whose weapons' force was fierce and extended

Bahuvrīhi compound: ātta (grasped) + āyata (extended/fierce) + śastra (weapon) + vega (force)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ātta+āyata+śastra+vega)

• ātta – taken, grasped, received
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from ā-√dā (to take)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: dā (class 3)
• āyata – extended, long, vast, fierce
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from ā-√yam (to extend)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: yam (class 1)
• śastra – weapon, instrument
  noun (neuter)
• vega – force, speed, impetuosity
  noun (masculine)
  from root √vij (to move rapidly)
  Root: vij (class 6)

Note: Describes the 'vega' (force) of weapons. The nominative form would be 'āttāyataśastravegaḥ'. It's accusative here as the object of 'sehuḥ'.

ते (te) - referring to the princes (those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those (demonstrative pronoun)

राजपुत्राः (rājaputrāḥ) - princes, sons of kings

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rājaputra

rājaputra - prince, son of a king

tatpuruṣa compound: rājan (king) + putra (son)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+putra)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

निहताः (nihatāḥ) - killed, destroyed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nihata

nihata - killed, destroyed, struck down

Past Passive Participle

from ni-√han (to strike down, kill)

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Functions as a predicate adjective.

प्रमादात् (pramādāt) - from heedlessness, from negligence

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of pramāda

pramāda - heedlessness, negligence, error, inadvertence (pramāda)

derived from pra-√mad (to be exhilarated, to be careless)

Prefix: pra

Root: mad (class 4)