महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-79, verse-7

ययातिरुवाच ।
यत्त्वं मे हृदयाज्जातो वयः स्वं न प्रयच्छसि ।
तस्मादराज्यभाक्तात प्रजा ते वै भविष्यति ॥७॥

7. yayātiruvāca ,
yattvaṁ me hṛdayājjāto vayaḥ svaṁ na prayacchasi ,
tasmādarājyabhāktāta prajā te vai bhaviṣyati.

7. yayātiḥ uvāca yat tvam me hṛdayāt jātaḥ vayaḥ svam na
prayacchasi tasmāt arājyabhāk tāta prajā te vai bhaviṣyati

7. Yayāti said: 'Since you, born from my heart, do not give me your own youth, therefore, dear son, your progeny will indeed not be entitled to the kingdom.'

Words meanings summery:

• ययातिः (yayātiḥ) - The name of a famous king, father of Yadu and Turvasu. (Yayāti)

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

• यत् (yat) - that, because, since

• त्वम् (tvam) - Refers to Yadu, Yayāti's son. (you)

• मे (me) - my, to me

• हृदयात् (hṛdayāt) - Figuratively, indicating deep relationship (born of my affection/essence). (from the heart)

• जातः (jātaḥ) - born, produced

• वयः (vayaḥ) - age, youth

• स्वम् (svam) - Refers to Yadu's own youth. (one's own, your own)

• न (na) - not

• प्रयच्छसि (prayacchasi) - you give

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

• अराज्यभाक् (arājyabhāk) - Nullified from inheriting the throne. (not sharing in the kingdom, not entitled to the kingdom)

• तात (tāta) - Here, used by a father to address his son, Yadu. (dear son, father)

• प्रजा (prajā) - Yadu's lineage. (progeny, descendants, subjects)

• ते (te) - your, to you

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

• भविष्यति (bhaviṣyati) - will be, will become

Words meanings and morphology

ययातिः (yayātiḥ) - The name of a famous king, father of Yadu and Turvasu. (Yayāti)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yayāti

yayāti - Name of a king; a legendary ancient king.

Root: yā (class 2)

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Tense

Perfect active, 3rd person singular, parasmaipada

Root: vac (class 2)

यत् (yat) - that, because, since

(indeclinable)

त्वम् (tvam) - Refers to Yadu, Yayāti's son. (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuvamad

yuvamad - you

मे (me) - my, to me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of mad

mad - I, me

Note: Can be dative or genitive; here genitive 'my heart'.

हृदयात् (hṛdayāt) - Figuratively, indicating deep relationship (born of my affection/essence). (from the heart)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of hṛdaya

hṛdaya - heart, mind, soul

Root: hṛd

जातः (jātaḥ) - born, produced

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jāta

jāta - born, produced, generated

Past Passive Participle

from root √jan 'to be born, to produce'

Root: jan (class 4)

वयः (vayaḥ) - age, youth

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vayas

vayas - age, youth, vigor

स्वम् (svam) - Refers to Yadu's own youth. (one's own, your own)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sva

sva - one's own, property, self

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

प्रयच्छसि (prayacchasi) - you give

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of pradā

Present Tense

from root √dā 'to give' with prefix pra-, 2nd person singular, parasmaipada

Prefix: pra

Root: dā (class 3)

Compound type : pradi (pra+yacch)

• pra – forth, forward
  indeclinable
  prefix
• yacch – to give (present stem of √dā)
  verb
  Present stem
  from root √dā 'to give'
  Root: dā (class 3)

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

(indeclinable)

अराज्यभाक् (arājyabhāk) - Nullified from inheriting the throne. (not sharing in the kingdom, not entitled to the kingdom)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arājyabhāj

arājyabhāj - not partaking of the kingdom, not entitled to the kingdom

Negative prefix a- + rājyabhāj (sharing in the kingdom)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+rājyabhāj)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• rājyabhāj – sharing in the kingdom
  adjective (masculine)
  Compound of rājya (kingdom) + bhāj (sharing)

Note: Refers to Yadu's lineage/progeny's claim to the throne.

तात (tāta) - Here, used by a father to address his son, Yadu. (dear son, father)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, dear one, son (term of endearment)

प्रजा (prajā) - Yadu's lineage. (progeny, descendants, subjects)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of prajā

prajā - progeny, offspring, subjects, people

from root √jan 'to be born' with prefix pra-

Compound type : pradi (pra+jā)

• pra – forth, forward
  indeclinable
  prefix
• jā – born, produced
  noun (feminine)
  from root √jan 'to be born'
  Root: jan (class 4)

ते (te) - your, to you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of tvad

tvad - you

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

भविष्यति (bhaviṣyati) - will be, will become

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of bhū

Future Tense

Future active, 3rd person singular, parasmaipada

Root: bhū (class 1)