महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-79, verse-14

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
एवं स तुर्वसुं शप्त्वा ययातिः सुतमात्मनः ।
शर्मिष्ठायाः सुतं द्रुह्युमिदं वचनमब्रवीत् ॥१४॥

14. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
evaṁ sa turvasuṁ śaptvā yayātiḥ sutamātmanaḥ ,
śarmiṣṭhāyāḥ sutaṁ druhyumidaṁ vacanamabravīt.

14. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca evam saḥ turvasum śaptvā yayātiḥ sutam
ātmanaḥ śarmiṣṭhāyāḥ sutam druhyum idam vacanam abravīt

14. Vaiśampāyana said: "Having thus cursed Turvasu, Yayati then spoke these words to his own son, Druhyu, the son of Śarmiṣṭhā."

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana (a proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• सः (saḥ) - he (referring to Yayati) (he, that)

• तुर्वसुम् (turvasum) - Turvasu (a proper name, accusative)

• शप्त्वा (śaptvā) - having cursed

• ययातिः (yayātiḥ) - Yayati (a proper name)

• सुतम् (sutam) - his (Yayati's) son (son)

• आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of oneself, his own

• शर्मिष्ठायाः (śarmiṣṭhāyāḥ) - of Śarmiṣṭhā

• सुतम् (sutam) - Śarmiṣṭhā's son (son)

• द्रुह्युम् (druhyum) - Druhyu (a proper name, accusative)

• इदम् (idam) - these (words) (this)

• वचनम् (vacanam) - these words (word, speech)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśampāyana (name of a sage and disciple of Vyasa, narrator of the Mahabharata)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of uvāca

Perfect Active

From root √vac (to speak), 3rd person singular, Perfect tense (Lit Laṭ)

Root: vac (class 2)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - he (referring to Yayati) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

तुर्वसुम् (turvasum) - Turvasu (a proper name, accusative)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of turvasu

turvasu - Turvasu (name of an ancient king, son of Yayati)

शप्त्वा (śaptvā) - having cursed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive (suffix -tvā) from root √śap (to curse)

Root: śap (class 1)

ययातिः (yayātiḥ) - Yayati (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yayāti

yayāti - Yayati (name of a legendary king)

सुतम् (sutam) - his (Yayati's) son (son)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of suta

suta - son, offspring, produced

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root √sū (to produce, beget), often used as a noun

Root: sū (class 2)

Note: In apposition to 'Druhyu'

आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of oneself, his own

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, essence, spirit

Reflexive pronoun

Note: Refers to Yayati

शर्मिष्ठायाः (śarmiṣṭhāyāḥ) - of Śarmiṣṭhā

(proper noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of śarmiṣṭhā

śarmiṣṭhā - Śarmiṣṭhā (name of a princess, one of Yayati's wives)

सुतम् (sutam) - Śarmiṣṭhā's son (son)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of suta

suta - son, offspring, produced

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root √sū (to produce, beget), often used as a noun

Root: sū (class 2)

Note: In apposition to 'Druhyu'

द्रुह्युम् (druhyum) - Druhyu (a proper name, accusative)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of druhyu

druhyu - Druhyu (name of a son of Yayati and Śarmiṣṭhā)

इदम् (idam) - these (words) (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, these

Note: Modifies 'vacanam'

वचनम् (vacanam) - these words (word, speech)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, saying, declaration

From root √vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (luṅ) of abravīt

Imperfect Active

From root √bru (to speak), 3rd person singular, Imperfect tense (Luṅ Laṭ)

Root: bru (class 2)