महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-79, verse-21

अनुरुवाच ।
जीर्णः शिशुवदादत्तेऽकालेऽन्नमशुचिर्यथा ।
न जुहोति च कालेऽग्निं तां जरां नाभिकामये ॥२१॥

21. anuruvāca ,
jīrṇaḥ śiśuvadādatte'kāle'nnamaśuciryathā ,
na juhoti ca kāle'gniṁ tāṁ jarāṁ nābhikāmaye.

21. anuḥ uvāca jīrṇaḥ śiśuvat ādatte akāle annam aśuciḥ
yathā na juhoti ca kāle agnim tām jarām na abhikāmaye

21. Anu replied: 'An old person, like a child, consumes food at inappropriate times and becomes impure, nor do they offer oblations into the sacred fire at the proper time. I do not desire such old age.'

Words meanings summery:

• अनुः (anuḥ) - son of Yayati (Anu)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• जीर्णः (jīrṇaḥ) - an old person, subject to decay (old, withered, decayed; an old person)

• शिशुवत् (śiśuvat) - like a child

• आदत्ते (ādatte) - takes, receives, consumes

• अकाले (akāle) - at an improper time, out of season

• अन्नम् (annam) - food, meal

• अशुचिः (aśuciḥ) - impure, unclean; an unclean person

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, like

• न (na) - not, no

• जुहोति (juhoti) - offers oblations into the sacred fire (offers, sacrifices)

• च (ca) - and, also

• काले (kāle) - at the proper time

• अग्निम् (agnim) - sacred fire (for yagya) (fire)

• ताम् (tām) - that (old age) (that, her)

• जराम् (jarām) - old age, decay

• न (na) - not, no

• अभिकामये (abhikāmaye) - I desire, I wish for

Words meanings and morphology

अनुः (anuḥ) - son of Yayati (Anu)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anu

anu - Anu (proper name, son of Yayati)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Irregular perfect form.

Root: vac (class 2)

जीर्णः (jīrṇaḥ) - an old person, subject to decay (old, withered, decayed; an old person)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jīrṇa

jīrṇa - old, withered, decayed, digested

Past Passive Participle

From root `jṛ` (to decay, grow old)

Root: jṛ (class 9)

शिशुवत् (śiśuvat) - like a child

(indeclinable)

`vat` suffix indicating 'like'.

आदत्ते (ādatte) - takes, receives, consumes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of ādā

Root `dā` with `ā` prefix.

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

अकाले (akāle) - at an improper time, out of season

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of akāla

akāla - improper time, untimely (a - negation, kāla - time)

Nañ-tatpuruṣa compound.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+kāla)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• kāla – time, season
  noun (masculine)

अन्नम् (annam) - food, meal

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anna

anna - food, meal, rice

Past Passive Participle (from ad)

Formed from root `ad` (to eat).

Root: ad (class 2)

अशुचिः (aśuciḥ) - impure, unclean; an unclean person

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aśuci

aśuci - impure, unclean, unholy (a - negation, śuci - pure)

Nañ-tatpuruṣa compound.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+śuci)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• śuci – pure, clean, holy
  adjective (masculine)

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, like

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

जुहोति (juhoti) - offers oblations into the sacred fire (offers, sacrifices)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of hu

Reduplicated stem.

Root: hu (class 3)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

काले (kāle) - at the proper time

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, season, proper time

अग्निम् (agnim) - sacred fire (for yagya) (fire)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of agni

agni - fire, sacred fire, god of fire

ताम् (tām) - that (old age) (that, her)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

जराम् (jarām) - old age, decay

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of jarā

jarā - old age, decay, decrepitude

Root: jṛ

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अभिकामये (abhikāmaye) - I desire, I wish for

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of abhikām

Denominative verb from `kāma` (desire) with `abhi` prefix.

Prefix: abhi

Root: kām