महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-79, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
जरां प्राप्य ययातिस्तु स्वपुरं प्राप्य चैव ह ।
पुत्रं ज्येष्ठं वरिष्ठं च यदुमित्यब्रवीद्वचः ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
jarāṁ prāpya yayātistu svapuraṁ prāpya caiva ha ,
putraṁ jyeṣṭhaṁ variṣṭhaṁ ca yadumityabravīdvacaḥ.

1. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca jarām prāpya
yayātiḥ tu svapuram prāpya
ca eva ha putram jyeṣṭham
variṣṭham ca yadum iti abravīt vacaḥ

1. Vaiśampāyana said: Having attained old age and having returned to his own city, Yayāti spoke these words to his eldest and most excellent son, Yadu.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• जराम् (jarām) - old age, decrepitude

• प्राप्य (prāpya) - having obtained, having reached, having attained

• ययातिः (yayātiḥ) - Yayāti

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• स्वपुरम् (svapuram) - his own city

• प्राप्य (prāpya) - having obtained, having reached, having attained

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• ह (ha) - indeed, verily (particle)

• पुत्रम् (putram) - son

• ज्येष्ठम् (jyeṣṭham) - eldest, chief, best

• वरिष्ठम् (variṣṭham) - most excellent, best

• च (ca) - and, also

• यदुम् (yadum) - Yadu

• इति (iti) - thus, so

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

• वचः (vacaḥ) - words, speech

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Name of a sage, a disciple of Vyāsa and narrator of the Mahābhārata

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect

2nd conjugation, Parasmaipada

Root: vac (class 2)

जराम् (jarām) - old age, decrepitude

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of jarā

jarā - old age, decrepitude, decay

प्राप्य (prāpya) - having obtained, having reached, having attained

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Root āp with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

ययातिः (yayātiḥ) - Yayāti

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yayāti

yayāti - Name of an ancient king, son of Nahuṣa

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

स्वपुरम् (svapuram) - his own city

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of svapura

svapura - one's own city, hometown

Compound type : tatpurusha (sva+pura)

• sva – own, one's own
  pronoun
• pura – city, town, fortress
  noun (neuter)

प्राप्य (prāpya) - having obtained, having reached, having attained

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Root āp with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

ह (ha) - indeed, verily (particle)

(indeclinable)

पुत्रम् (putram) - son

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

ज्येष्ठम् (jyeṣṭham) - eldest, chief, best

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jyeṣṭha

jyeṣṭha - eldest, chief, principal, best, most excellent

Superlative

Superlative form of 'vṛddha' (old)

वरिष्ठम् (variṣṭham) - most excellent, best

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of variṣṭha

variṣṭha - most excellent, best, chief, most chosen

Superlative

Superlative form of 'vara' (excellent, desirable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

यदुम् (yadum) - Yadu

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yadu

yadu - Name of a king, son of Yayāti, and progenitor of the Yādava dynasty

इति (iti) - thus, so

(indeclinable)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect

2nd conjugation, Parasmaipada

Root: brū (class 2)

वचः (vacaḥ) - words, speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, saying, declaration