महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-79, verse-6

अशक्तः कार्यकरणे परिभूतः स यौवनैः ।
सहोपजीविभिश्चैव तां जरां नाभिकामये ॥६॥

6. aśaktaḥ kāryakaraṇe paribhūtaḥ sa yauvanaiḥ ,
sahopajīvibhiścaiva tāṁ jarāṁ nābhikāmaye.

6. aśaktaḥ kāryakaraṇe paribhūtaḥ sa yauvanaiḥ
sahopajīvibhiḥ ca eva tām jarām na abhikāmaye

6. Unable to perform duties, despised by the young and even by his own dependents—I do not desire that old age.

Words meanings summery:

• अशक्तः (aśaktaḥ) - unable, powerless, weak

• कार्यकरणे (kāryakaraṇe) - in performing duties, in action, in activity

• परिभूतः (paribhūtaḥ) - humiliated, despised, overcome

• स (sa) - Refers to the person described in the previous verse. (he, that)

• यौवनैः (yauvanaiḥ) - by young people, by youth

• सहोपजीविभिः (sahopajīvibhiḥ) - by companions, by dependents

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - even, only, indeed

• ताम् (tām) - Refers to 'jarā' (old age) (that)

• जराम् (jarām) - old age

• न (na) - not

• अभिकामये (abhikāmaye) - I desire, I long for

Words meanings and morphology

अशक्तः (aśaktaḥ) - unable, powerless, weak

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aśakta

aśakta - unable, powerless, incompetent

Negative prefix a- + śakta (Past Passive Participle of √śak 'to be able')

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+śakta)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• śakta – able, capable
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  from root √śak 'to be able'
  Root: śak (class 5)

कार्यकरणे (kāryakaraṇe) - in performing duties, in action, in activity

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of kāryakaraṇa

kāryakaraṇa - performance of duties, activity

Compound of kārya (to be done, duty) and karaṇa (doing, instrument)

Compound type : tatpurusha (kārya+karaṇa)

• kārya – to be done, duty, work
  noun (neuter)
  Gerundive
  from root √kṛ 'to do, to make'
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• karaṇa – doing, making, instrument
  noun (neuter)
  from root √kṛ 'to do, to make'
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

परिभूतः (paribhūtaḥ) - humiliated, despised, overcome

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paribhūta

paribhūta - despised, humiliated, overcome, defeated

Past Passive Participle

from root √bhū 'to be' with prefix pari-

Compound type : pradi (pari+bhūta)

• pari – around, completely, exceedingly
  indeclinable
  prefix
• bhūta – been, become
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  from root √bhū 'to be'
  Root: bhū (class 1)

स (sa) - Refers to the person described in the previous verse. (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

यौवनैः (yauvanaiḥ) - by young people, by youth

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of yauvana

yauvana - youth, period of youth, young person

Root: yuv

सहोपजीविभिः (sahopajīvibhiḥ) - by companions, by dependents

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sahopajīvin

sahopajīvin - one who lives with, companion, dependent

Compound of saha (together) + upajīvin (one who lives by/on)

Compound type : tatpurusha (saha+upajīvin)

• saha – together, with
  indeclinable
  prefix in compound
• upajīvin – one who lives by/on, dependent
  noun (masculine)
  from root √jīv 'to live' with prefix upa-

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - even, only, indeed

(indeclinable)

ताम् (tām) - Refers to 'jarā' (old age) (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

जराम् (jarām) - old age

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of jarā

jarā - old age, decrepitude

from root √jṛ 'to grow old'

Root: jṛ (class 4)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

अभिकामये (abhikāmaye) - I desire, I long for

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of abhikāmay

Present Tense

Present middle, 1st person singular. Denominative from abhikāma (desire) or from root √kam 'to desire' with prefix abhi-

Prefix: abhi

Root: kam (class 10)

Compound type : pradi (abhi+kāmay)

• abhi – towards, concerning, for
  indeclinable
  prefix
• kāmay – to desire
  verb
  Present stem
  from root √kam (10th class)
  Root: kam (class 10)