महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-79, verse-11

ययातिरुवाच ।
यत्त्वं मे हृदयाज्जातो वयः स्वं न प्रयच्छसि ।
तस्मात्प्रजा समुच्छेदं तुर्वसो तव यास्यति ॥११॥

11. yayātiruvāca ,
yattvaṁ me hṛdayājjāto vayaḥ svaṁ na prayacchasi ,
tasmātprajā samucchedaṁ turvaso tava yāsyati.

11. yayātiḥ uvāca yat tvam me hṛdayāt jātaḥ vayaḥ svam na
prayacchasi tasmāt prajā samucchedam turvaso tava yāsyati

11. Yayati said: "Since you, born from my heart, do not offer your own youth, therefore, O Turvasu, your progeny will come to an end."

Words meanings summery:

• ययातिः (yayātiḥ) - Yayati (a proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• यत् (yat) - since (since, because, that which)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• मे (me) - my (referring to Yayati) (to me, my, of me)

• हृदयात् (hṛdayāt) - from the heart

• जातः (jātaḥ) - born, produced, arisen

• वयः (vayaḥ) - youth (youth, age, prime of life)

• स्वम् (svam) - one's own, personal

• न (na) - not, no

• प्रयच्छसि (prayacchasi) - you do not offer (you give, you offer)

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

• प्रजा (prajā) - progeny (progeny, offspring, people)

• समुच्छेदम् (samucchedam) - extinction, complete destruction

• तुर्वसो (turvaso) - O Turvasu (a proper name)

• तव (tava) - your, of you

• यास्यति (yāsyati) - will come to an end (literally 'will go to extinction') (will go, will attain, will suffer)

Words meanings and morphology

ययातिः (yayātiḥ) - Yayati (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yayāti

yayāti - Yayati (name of a legendary king)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of uvāca

Perfect Active

From root √vac (to speak), 3rd person singular, Perfect tense (Lit Laṭ)

Root: vac (class 2)

यत् (yat) - since (since, because, that which)

(indeclinable)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of tvam

tvam - you (singular)

मे (me) - my (referring to Yayati) (to me, my, of me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me, my, our (first person pronoun)

Enclitic form of the first person pronoun

हृदयात् (hṛdayāt) - from the heart

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of hṛdaya

hṛdaya - heart, mind, core

जातः (jātaḥ) - born, produced, arisen

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jāta

jāta - born, produced, arisen, happened

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root √jan (to be born)

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'tvam'

वयः (vayaḥ) - youth (youth, age, prime of life)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vayas

vayas - age, period of life, youth, vigour

स्वम् (svam) - one's own, personal

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sva

sva - own, one's own, self

Note: Modifies 'vayaḥ'

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

प्रयच्छसि (prayacchasi) - you do not offer (you give, you offer)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (lat) of prayacch

Present Active

From pra-√yam (to give, offer), 2nd person singular, Present tense (Lat Laṭ)

Prefix: pra

Root: yam (class 1)

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

(indeclinable)

Ablative singular of the pronoun 'tad' (that), used adverbially

प्रजा (prajā) - progeny (progeny, offspring, people)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of prajā

prajā - progeny, offspring, people, subjects, creatures

From pra-√jan (to beget, produce)

Prefix: pra

Root: jan (class 4)

समुच्छेदम् (samucchedam) - extinction, complete destruction

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of samuccheda

samuccheda - extinction, complete destruction, cutting off

From sam-ud-√chid (to cut off completely)

Prefixes: sam+ud

Root: chid (class 7)

तुर्वसो (turvaso) - O Turvasu (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of turvasu

turvasu - Turvasu (name of an ancient king, son of Yayati)

तव (tava) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you, your (second person pronoun)

यास्यति (yāsyati) - will come to an end (literally 'will go to extinction') (will go, will attain, will suffer)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of yā

Future Active

From root √yā (to go), 3rd person singular, Future tense (Lṛṭ Laṭ)

Root: yā (class 2)