महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-56, verse-21

अर्थशास्त्रमिदं पुण्यं धर्मशास्त्रमिदं परम् ।
मोक्षशास्त्रमिदं प्रोक्तं व्यासेनामितबुद्धिना ॥२१॥

21. arthaśāstramidaṁ puṇyaṁ dharmaśāstramidaṁ param ,
mokṣaśāstramidaṁ proktaṁ vyāsenāmitabuddhinā.

21. arthaśāstram idam puṇyam dharmaśāstram idam param
mokṣaśāstram idam proktam vyāsena amitabuddhinā

21. This (epic) is a sacred treatise on material prosperity, this is a supreme scripture on dharma, and it is declared to be a scripture on liberation by Vyasa, the one of immeasurable intellect.

21. זהו כתב טהור על העושר, זהו כתב מעולה על חוק היושר, וזהו כתב על השחרור, כך אמר וְיָאסַה בעל התבונה האין סופית.

Words meanings summery:

• अर्थशास्त्रम् (arthaśāstram) - treatise on material prosperity (treatise on wealth, economics, polity)

• इदम् (idam) - this (epic) (this, this one)

• पुण्यम् (puṇyam) - sacred (sacred, meritorious, virtuous)

• धर्मशास्त्रम् (dharmaśāstram) - supreme scripture on dharma (treatise on dharma, law, ethics)

• इदम् (idam) - this (epic) (this, this one)

• परम् (param) - supreme (supreme, highest, excellent, ultimate)

• मोक्षशास्त्रम् (mokṣaśāstram) - scripture on liberation (treatise on liberation)

• इदम् (idam) - this (epic) (this, this one)

• प्रोक्तम् (proktam) - declared (declared, proclaimed, said)

• व्यासेन (vyāsena) - by Vyasa (by Vyasa (a sage))

• अमितबुद्धिना (amitabuddhinā) - by the one of immeasurable intellect (by one of immeasurable intellect)

Words meanings and morphology

अर्थशास्त्रम् (arthaśāstram) - treatise on material prosperity (treatise on wealth, economics, polity)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of arthaśāstra

arthaśāstra - treatise on wealth, economics, politics, material science

Tatpuruṣa compound of 'artha' (wealth/purpose) and 'śāstra' (treatise).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (artha+śāstra)

• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, material prosperity, object
  noun (masculine)
• śāstra – scripture, treatise, science, rule, teaching
  noun (neuter)
  root śās (to teach, instruct) + tra
  Root: śās (class 2)

Note: Predicate nominative for idam.

इदम् (idam) - this (epic) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one, here

Note: Subject.

पुण्यम् (puṇyam) - sacred (sacred, meritorious, virtuous)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of puṇya

puṇya - sacred, holy, meritorious, virtuous, good; religious merit

Root: pū

Note: Adjective modifying arthaśāstram.

धर्मशास्त्रम् (dharmaśāstram) - supreme scripture on dharma (treatise on dharma, law, ethics)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dharmaśāstra

dharmaśāstra - treatise on sacred law, ethics, duty; a scripture on dharma

Tatpuruṣa compound of 'dharma' (duty/righteousness) and 'śāstra' (treatise).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (dharma+śāstra)

• dharma – righteousness, duty, law, virtue, cosmic order
  noun (masculine)
  root dhṛ (to uphold, support) + man
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• śāstra – scripture, treatise, science, rule, teaching
  noun (neuter)
  root śās (to teach, instruct) + tra
  Root: śās (class 2)

Note: Predicate nominative for idam.

इदम् (idam) - this (epic) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one, here

Note: Subject for the third clause.

परम् (param) - supreme (supreme, highest, excellent, ultimate)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of para

para - supreme, highest, ultimate, excellent, principal, distant

Note: Adjective modifying dharmaśāstram.

मोक्षशास्त्रम् (mokṣaśāstram) - scripture on liberation (treatise on liberation)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mokṣaśāstra

mokṣaśāstra - treatise on liberation or salvation

Tatpuruṣa compound of 'mokṣa' (liberation) and 'śāstra' (treatise).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (mokṣa+śāstra)

• mokṣa – liberation, freedom, salvation, release
  noun (masculine)
  action noun
  root muc (to free) + sa
  Root: muc (class 6)
• śāstra – scripture, treatise, science, rule, teaching
  noun (neuter)
  root śās (to teach, instruct) + tra
  Root: śās (class 2)

Note: Predicate nominative for idam.

इदम् (idam) - this (epic) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one, here

Note: Subject for the fourth clause.

प्रोक्तम् (proktam) - declared (declared, proclaimed, said)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of prokta

prokta - spoken, said, declared, proclaimed

past passive participle

root vac (to speak) with prefix pra + kta

Prefix: pra

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Predicate adjective.

व्यासेन (vyāsena) - by Vyasa (by Vyasa (a sage))

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vyāsa

vyāsa - Vyasa (name of a revered sage, compiler of the Vedas and author of Mahabharata)

Note: Agent of proktam.

अमितबुद्धिना (amitabuddhinā) - by the one of immeasurable intellect (by one of immeasurable intellect)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of amitabuddhi

amitabuddhi - having immeasurable intellect, of boundless wisdom

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'amitā buddhiḥ yasya saḥ' (whose intellect is immeasurable, he).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (amita+buddhi)

• amita – immeasurable, boundless, infinite
  adjective (neuter)
  past passive participle (negative)
  a (neg) + root mā (to measure) + kta
  Root: mā (class 2)
• buddhi – intellect, understanding, wisdom, intelligence
  noun (feminine)
  action noun
  root budh (to know, understand) + ti
  Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Adjective agreeing with vyāsena.

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